The LoDED study – safe & rapid chest pain management
| ISRCTN | ISRCTN86184521 |
|---|---|
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN86184521 |
| Secondary identifying numbers | 37566 |
- Submission date
- 09/04/2018
- Registration date
- 23/04/2018
- Last edited
- 31/08/2023
- Recruitment status
- No longer recruiting
- Overall study status
- Completed
- Condition category
- Circulatory System
Plain English Summary
Background and study aims
When someone arrives in Accident and Emergency (A&E) with chest pain, it is often hard for doctors to tell if the pain is due to a heart attack. Most patients have to wait in hospital, having two blood tests taken a few hours apart, before a heart attack can be ruled out. Only 1 in 10 of these patients have actually had a heart attack - most have conditions like heartburn that aren’t serious. Ruling out heart attacks faster would reassure patients earlier and reduce time spent in hospital. Around 2 million people a year in Britain come to A&E with chest pain. Finding a way for them to be discharged earlier would mean hospitals would be under less pressure. A blood test, called high-sensitivity troponin, may be used to rule out heart attacks using just one blood sample shortly after a patient arrives in A&E. This test measures low levels of heart muscle damage in the blood. The aim of this study is to find out whether this single test works in everyday practice.
Who can participate?
Patients aged 18 and over with chest pain, arriving at one of seven participating A&Es
What does the study involve?
Participants are randomly allocated to one of two groups. One group is discharged after one blood test, if no heart damage is found. The other group have two blood tests as usual. The groups are compared to see how many patients can be discharged within 4 hours, and to see whether the new method saves hospital resources and if patients are reassured when discharged earlier.
What are the possible benefits and risks of participating?
If the participant feels well and they have no further chest pain, they may be discharged after one blood test rather than two and this may allow patients to go home earlier in future. This may be of benefit to the participant. Through previous research, it is known that ruling out heart attacks using a single blood test is likely to be as safe as routine care. Therefore, the risks of missing a heart attack are very low. However, this method is new and still not routine care in most hospitals and the researchers will carefully monitor that it is safe during the study.
Where is the study run from?
1. North Bristol NHS Trust (UK)
2. Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust (UK)
3. Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust (UK)
4. Plymouth Hospitals NHS Trust (UK)
5. University Hospital of Wales (UK)
6. University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust (UK)
7. Royal Berkshire NHS Foundation Trust (UK)
When is the study starting and how long is it expected to run for?
December 2017 to April 2019 (updated 17/06/2019, previously: October 2019)
Who is funding the study?
National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) (UK)
Who is the main contact?
Sarah Campbell
sarah.campbell@plymouth.ac.uk
Contact information
Scientific
Peninsula Clinical Trials Unit
Room N16
ITTC Building 1
Plymouth Science Park
Davy Road
Plymouth
PL6 8BX
United Kingdom
| Phone | +44 (0)1752 430 392 |
|---|---|
| sarah.campbell@plymouth.ac.uk |
Study information
| Study design | Randomised; Interventional; Design type: Diagnosis, Management of Care |
|---|---|
| Primary study design | Interventional |
| Secondary study design | Randomised controlled trial |
| Study setting(s) | Hospital |
| Study type | Treatment |
| Participant information sheet | Not available in web format, please use the contact details to request a patient information sheet |
| Scientific title | Randomised controlled trial of the LoDED (Limit of Detection of Troponin and ECG Discharge) strategy versus usual care in adult chest pain patients attending the Emergency Department |
| Study acronym | LoDED |
| Study hypothesis | When someone arrives in Accident and Emergency (A&E) with chest pain, it is often hard for doctors to tell if the pain is due to a heart attack. Most patients have to wait in hospital, having two blood tests taken a few hours apart, before a heart attack can be ruled out. Only 1 in 10 of these patients have actually had a heart attack - most have conditions like heartburn that aren’t serious. Ruling out heart attacks faster would reassure patients earlier and reduce time spent in hospital. Around 2 million people a year in Britain come to A&E with chest pain. Finding a way for them to be discharged earlier would mean hospitals would be under less pressure. A blood test, called high-sensitivity troponin, may be used to rule-out heart attacks using just one blood sample shortly after a patient arrives in A&E. This test measures low levels of heart muscle damage in the blood. The aim of this study is to find out whether this single test works in everyday practice. |
| Ethics approval(s) | South West – Frenchay Research Ethics Committee, 11/04/2018, ref: 18/SW/0038 |
| Condition | Chest pain |
| Intervention | After written consent has been obtained, participants will be randomised to be evaluated using either the existing rule-out strategy used in study centres (control) or the LoDED strategy (intervention) in a 1:1 ratio. The Peninsula Clinical Trials Unit (PenCTU), in conjunction with the study statistician, will provide web-based randomisation, stratified by centre and minimised by age and gender. Appropriate staff at all sites, as delegated by the PI, will be provided with log-in details for the study website. Control arm Participant admitted or discharged based on usual rule-out strategy operating in that hospital (varies between recruiting centres). Usual care includes ECG on arrival and usually two hs-troponin tests. All centres take the first sample at presentation, but the minimum time delay between the two samples varies. Intervention arm (LoDED Strategy) Participant discharged after a single hs-troponin test at presentation to ED if hs-troponin is below the LoD. Participant not fulfilling discharge criteria will have a second hs-troponin test after 1-6 hours as per usual care. For all participants, individual trial participation will be from the time of written informed consent until 30 (+5) days after initial ED attendance. The groups will be compared to see how many patients can be discharged within 4 hours, and to see if the new method saves hospital resources and if patients are reassured when discharged earlier. |
| Intervention type | Other |
| Primary outcome measure | Successful early discharge, defined as discharge from hospital within four hours of arrival, without a Major Adverse Cardiac Event (MACE) occurring within 30 days of ED attendance |
| Secondary outcome measures | 1. Length of ED/ED Observation Unit (EDOU) stay, measured in hours. Discharge from the ED within four hours of attendance will be measured using electronic patient tracking systems in use at all study sites, according to the time the patient left the ED (including ED observation units). In the event that a participant is transferred from the ED, to an observation unit or inpatient bed within four hours of attendance and subsequently discharged, length of stay (minutes/hours) will be calculated from electronic patient records and tracking systems 2. Hospital admission and subsequent length of stay - time of admission and discharge to hospital – calculated from electronic patient records and tracking systems 3. Incidence of MACE, within 30 days of the index ED attendance – will be recorded on the SAE form, by the local ED Principal Investigator or designee with reference to relevant clinical information and responses to 30 day follow-up telephone assessments 4. Comparative costs. Resource use data to be collected from all participants with an initial hs-troponin below the LoD, at 30 (+5) days by telephone/by e-mail and electronic patient records (to include GP records where available) will include: use of health services in the last 30 days, length of any subsequent hospital stays (since initial visit to ED); hospital tests carried out during any subsequent hospital admissions, and time off work in the last 30 days. Participants with an initial hs-troponin below the LoD (irrespective of group allocation) will also be asked to complete a second EQ-5D health status questionnaire during their 30-day follow-up 5. Patient satisfaction (quantitative survey) measured using a bespoke written patient satisfaction questionnaire upon discharge from the ED 6. Acceptability to patients (qualitative methodology): up to 25 participant interviews will be conducted by phone using a topic guide to explore experiences of the participant’s stay in ED, any concerns or anxieties they might have |
| Overall study start date | 01/12/2017 |
| Overall study end date | 03/04/2019 |
Eligibility
| Participant type(s) | Patient |
|---|---|
| Age group | Adult |
| Lower age limit | 18 Years |
| Sex | Both |
| Target number of participants | Planned Sample Size: 594; UK Sample Size: 594 |
| Total final enrolment | 632 |
| Participant inclusion criteria | 1. Age ≥18 years 2. Presenting to ED with chest pain and triggering the chest pain investigation pathway i.e. treating clinician intends to perform investigation to rule out a cardiac cause 3. Peak symptoms occurred <6 hours prior to presentation to the ED |
| Participant exclusion criteria | 1. ST-elevation myocardial infarction or ischaemic ECG (new T wave inversion > 3mm or ST depression > 1mm) as judged by the treating clinician 2. Clear non-ACS cause for chest pain found at presentation (e.g. pulmonary embolism, pneumonia, aortic dissection) 3. Initial hs-troponin result known to the treating clinician 4. Hospital admission indicated due to other medical/social reasons 5. Chest pain due to arrhythmia (new-onset atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, sustained supraventricular tachycardia, second-degree or complete heart block, or sustained or recurrent ventricular arrhythmias) 6. Unable to provide written informed consent (lacks capacity) 7. Unwilling to provide written informed consent 8. Pain too severe to provide written informed consent 9. Follow-up will be impossible i.e. lives abroad or no fixed abode 10. Previous inclusion in the study 11. Prisoners 12. Pregnancy 13. Pre-existing renal failure requiring dialysis |
| Recruitment start date | 04/06/2018 |
| Recruitment end date | 04/03/2019 |
Locations
Countries of recruitment
- England
- United Kingdom
- Wales
Study participating centres
Southmead Road
Westbury-On-Trym
Bristol
BS10 5NB
United Kingdom
Bath
BA1 3NG
United Kingdom
Barrack Road
Exeter
EX2 5DW
United Kingdom
Derriford Road
Plymouth
PL6 8DH
United Kingdom
Cardiff
CF14 4XW
United Kingdom
Gwendolen Road
Leicester
LE5 4QF
United Kingdom
London Road
Reading
RG1 5AN
United Kingdom
Sponsor information
Hospital/treatment centre
c/o Ms Helen Lewis-White
Floor 3 Learning and Research
Southmead Hospital
Southmead Road
Bristol
BS10 5NB
England
United Kingdom
| Phone | +44 (0)117 414 9333 |
|---|---|
| helen.lewis-white@nbt.nhs.uk | |
"ROR" |
https://ror.org/036x6gt55 |
Funders
Funder type
Government
No information available
Results and Publications
| Intention to publish date | 31/10/2020 |
|---|---|
| Individual participant data (IPD) Intention to share | No |
| IPD sharing plan summary | Data sharing statement to be made available at a later date |
| Publication and dissemination plan | The protocol is not currently published - a protocol paper will be published as part of the study publication plan. Publication of the LoDED study is planned in a high-impact peer reviewed journal. |
| IPD sharing plan | The data sharing plans for the current study are unknown and will be made available at a later date. |
Study outputs
| Output type | Details | Date created | Date added | Peer reviewed? | Patient-facing? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Results article | results | 01/10/2020 | 21/05/2020 | Yes | No |
| Protocol article | 02/10/2018 | 17/08/2022 | Yes | No | |
| HRA research summary | 28/06/2023 | No | No | ||
| Results article | Patients' and health professionals' perceptions | 09/12/2020 | 31/08/2023 | Yes | No |
Editorial Notes
31/08/2023: Publication reference added.
17/08/2022: Publication reference added.
21/05/2020: Publication reference added.
17/06/2019: The following changes were made to the trial record:
1. The recruitment end date was changed from 03/05/2019 to 04/03/2019.
2. The overall end date was changed from 31/10/2019 to 03/04/2019.
3. The total final enrolment was added.
4. The plain English summary was updated to reflect these changes.
25/03/2019: The condition was updated from "Specialty: Injuries and Emergencies, Primary sub-specialty: Pre-hospital and Emergency Department Care; UKCRC code/ Disease: Cardiovascular/ Other and unspecified disorders of the circulatory system" to "Chest pain".
