How sugars impact on lean and overweight/obese humans

ISRCTN ISRCTN11113396
DOI https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN11113396
Secondary identifying numbers N/A
Submission date
12/02/2016
Registration date
13/07/2016
Last edited
07/11/2017
Recruitment status
No longer recruiting
Overall study status
Completed
Condition category
Nutritional, Metabolic, Endocrine
Prospectively registered
Protocol
Statistical analysis plan
Results
Individual participant data

Plain English summary of protocol

Background and study aims
It has been suggested that drinking a lot of sugary drinks can be at least partly to blame for people becoming obese (that is, very overweight). Being obese puts someone at risk of cardiovascular disease (for example, heart attack)). Gaining weight also slowly increases body fat content which, in turn, can affect glucose metabolism (that is, how sugar is used in the body). One of the most important immediate consequence of a disturbed glucose metabolism is an increase in the amount of insulin in the blood. In a healthy person, insulin affects the resistance to blood flow of the blood vessels (the tone of resistance vessels) and works on the heart. A rise in insulin levels, e.g. due to drinking a surgery drink, leads to peripheral vasodilation (expanding of peripheral blood vessels) which in turn increases cardiac (heart) function by increasing stroke volume (blood volume ejected by the heart) and heart rate. However, to date, it is not known if an impaired glucose metabolism, with increased fasting glucose and insulin levels, affect the cardiovascular system, i.e. blood pressure, resistance, and cardiac output (heart rate x stroke volume), differently compared to an unchanged glucose metabolism. This study is looking at the impact of an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) on two groups of participants , i.e. one group with normal weight (BMI 18-24.9 kg/m2) and one group of overweight/obese persons (BMI 25-39.9 kg/m2) who are likely to be glucose intolerant. It is thought that in people with an impaired OGTT, blood pressure will increase due to higher levels of insulin.

Who can participate?
Healthy men aged 20-45 with a BMI between 18 – 39.9 kg/m2.

What does the study involve?
Participants undergo a OGTT test. This involves drinking 75 g of glucose dissolved in 300 mL of tap water within five minutes. They are then assessed to see whether they have an impaired-OGTT, that is, whether they have a glucose level of between 140-199 mg/dL two hours after taking the test. This is done though taking blood samples before the OGTT test and then every 30 minutes for the next 120 minutes and analysing them.

What are the possible benefits and risks of participating?
There is no benefit in participating in this study with the exception of a comprehensive cardiovascular investigation, which could reveal certain pathologies (health problems), i.e. impaired glucose metabolism or type 2 diabetes.

Where is the study run from?
Department of Medicine/Physiology, University of Fribourg (Switzerland)

When is the study starting and how long is it expected to run for?
July 2015 to November 2016

Who is funding the study?
University of Fribourg (Switzerland)

Who is the main contact?
Dr Erik Konrad Grasser

Contact information

Dr Erik Konrad Grasser
Scientific

Chemin du Musée 5
Fribourg
1700
Switzerland

ORCiD logoORCID ID 0000-0002-6193-1998

Study information

Study designThe study will be conducted on two groups of subjects, namely: a group of normal weight subjects (BMI within 19-24 kg/m2) with normal oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and a group of overweight/ obese subjects (BMI within 27-37 kg/m2) with impaired OGTT. Moreover, each of the two groups will be sub-classified with respect to ethnicity.
Primary study designObservational
Secondary study design
Study setting(s)Other
Study typeOther
Participant information sheet Not available in web format, please use contact details to request a participant information sheet
Scientific titleImpact of glucose intolerance on glucose-induced blood pressure regulation in young overweight/obese humans
Study objectivesThe central working hypothesis is that in overweight/obese subjects, particularly in those with impaired oral glucose tolerance test, the blunting effect of glucose on the blood pressure would be attenuated or abolished because of their states of peripheral vascular insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia-induced sympathetic overactivity - both of which will increase total peripheral resistance, leading to increased blood pressure.
Ethics approval(s)Cantonal commission on ethics of research on humans (Commission Cantonale e’Éthique de la recherche sur l’être humain), 12/08/2015, ref: 239/15
Health condition(s) or problem(s) studiedImpaired glucose tolerance
InterventionAn impaired-OGTT is defined according to the guidelines provided by the American Diabetes Association, namely the following changes in blood glucose levels in response to ingestion of 75g glucose dissolved in 300 mL water and ingested within five minutes: a 2-h glucose value between 140 and 199 mg/dL (7.8–11.1 mmol/L).

After reaching cardiovascular and metabolic stability (approximately 20-30 minutes), a baseline recording will then be made for 30 minutes. Then, the subject will ingest the test drink over five minutes and post-drink cardiovascular recordings will be done for another 120 min.

Blood samples will be drawn immediately after the end of baseline hemodynamic measurements and every 30 minutes after the sugar drink over the next 120 minutes. Pulse waveform analysis will take place immediately after collecting the respective blood sample. Additionally, metabolic measurements will be conducted.
Intervention typeOther
Primary outcome measure1. Haemodynamics: Measurements will be performed continuously starting with a 30 min baseline and continued after the OGTT for another 120 min using a Task Force Monitor (CNSystems). Haemodynamic parameters are: Blood pressure (systolic and diastolic), heart rate, stroke volume
2. Blood parameters: Measurements will be performed at the end of the baseline (30 min) and after the OGTT consecutively every 30 min until the end of the OGTT, i.e. 120 min post-drink. Blood parameters are: Plasma glucose (glucose oxidase method) and plasma insulin (Elisa Kit)
Secondary outcome measures1. Haemodynamic parameters: Cardiac output, total peripheral resistance, index of contractility, heather index, thoracic fluid content, thoracic impedance, spectral analysis parameters, Baroreflex sensitivity; all parameters will be measured continuously starting with a 30 min baseline and continued after the OGTT for another 120 min using a Task Force Monitor (CNSystems)
2. Radial waveform parameters will be measured by applanation tonometry (AtCor) immediately after each blood sample, i.e. end of baseline, 30-, 60-, 90-, and 120 min post-drink
3. Indirect calorimety: Resting energy expenditure and respiratory quotient will be measured continuously starting 30 min before OGTT testing and 180 min thereafter by assessment of ventilation parameters using a ventilated hood system (COSMED)
4. Anthropometric parameters will assessed with a calibrated scale (Seca), and a statiometer (Seca) before the OGTT
5, Body composition parameters will be derived by either body impedance measurements (InBody 720) or deuterium oxide measurements (collection of saliva samples) before the OGTT
6. Questionnaire-derived data collected before the OGTT
Overall study start date15/07/2015
Completion date30/11/2016

Eligibility

Participant type(s)Healthy volunteer
Age groupAdult
Lower age limit18 Years
SexMale
Target number of participants40
Key inclusion criteria1. Healthy
2. Non-smokers
3. BMI between 18 and 39.9 kg/m2
4. 20-45 years old
Key exclusion criteria1. Participants diagnosed as diabetics based on the following criteria: fasting glucose levels equal to or exceeds 126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L), and b) 2-h glucose equal to or exceeds 200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L)
2. Any medical condition which could interfere with the measured variables, e.g. cardiovascular-, gastrointestinal-, neurological-, and overt metabolic disorders
3. Subjects under current medication (either for acute or chronic illnesses)
4. Competition athletes, smokers, or overtly sedentary, or have eating disorders
5. Subjects who fear or have adverse reactions to cannulation
Date of first enrolment18/07/2016
Date of final enrolment18/09/2016

Locations

Countries of recruitment

  • Switzerland

Study participating centre

Department of Medicine/Physiology, University of Fribourg
Chemin du Musée 5
Fribourg
1700
Switzerland

Sponsor information

University of Fribourg - Faculty of Science
University/education

Chemin du Musée 8
Fribourg
1700
Switzerland

ROR logo "ROR" https://ror.org/022fs9h90

Funders

Funder type

University/education

Université de Fribourg
Private sector organisation / Universities (academic only)
Alternative name(s)
Universität Freiburg, University of Fribourg
Location
Switzerland

Results and Publications

Intention to publish date31/12/2016
Individual participant data (IPD) Intention to shareNo
IPD sharing plan summaryStored in repository
Publication and dissemination planPrimary and secondary outcome results (with the exception of indirect calorimetry results) are intended to be published together and be submitted to a well-respected peer-review journal.
IPD sharing planThe datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study will be stored in a non-publically available repository. Study related original data are stored on hard-drives in a coded form to which only the PI (Erik Konrad Grasser) has access. The same follows for processed data derived from the original data files.

Study outputs

Output type Details Date created Date added Peer reviewed? Patient-facing?
Results article results 18/07/2017 Yes No

Editorial Notes

07/11/2017: Publication reference has been added.
15/07/2016: Internal review