Plain English Summary
Background and study aims
Knee osteoarthritis (OA) occurs when the protective cartilage on the end of bones wears away. The bones in the knee then rub against one another, causing stiffness, pain and a reduction in the range of movement. Knee replacement surgery is a common treatment for osteoarthritis of the knee. There are different types of knee replacement systems, or ‘implants’, that can be used in the surgery. Current research looking at changes to these implants are limited. Research is needed to consider the changing characteristics of the patients who require knee surgery. Currently there is an increase in demand for knee replacement in a younger and more active population, who desire less limitation on their activities following knee replacement surgery. Current knee replacement designs sacrifice one of the main ligaments (a piece of tissue that connects the bones that hold together a joint) in the knee, called the Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL). By preserving natural knee structures, such as the ACL, it is thought that the knee will retain more normal function following surgery. The Vanguard CR is a commonly used knee replacement, and it sacrifices the ACL. Zimmer Biomet have developed a new knee replacement implant called the Vanguard XP which keeps all the main knee ligaments intact. This new design may benefit the younger, more active population. The aim of this study is to evaluate the early outcomes of the Vanguard XP compared to the Vanguard CR.
Who can participate?
Adults aged 18 and older who have osteoarthritis of the knee requiring surgery.
What does the study involve?
Participants are allocated to one of two groups. Those in the first group receive the Vanguard CR during their knee replacement surgery. Those in the second group receive the Vanguard XP during their knee surgery. Participants are followed up six weeks after surgery and again one, two and three years post-surgery to evaluate their pain levels, the safety of the knee systems, quality of life and outcomes of their surgery.
What are the possible benefits and risks of participating?
There are no direct benefits with participating. There are risks associated with all types of surgery and anesthetics. Steps are taken to ensure these risks are minimised. The Vanguard XP system is the newer type of knee prostheiss however it has been approved for use in Europe and the FDA. There are risks with x-rays of exposure to radiation. However, the amount of exposure with this study is within the recommended guidelines.
Where is the study run from?
1. Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre (UK)
2. Frimley Park Hospital (UK)
3. Southmead Hospital (UK)
4. Royal Orthopaedic Hospital (UK)
When is the study starting and how long is it expected to run for?
April 2015 to February 2022 (updated 19/01/2021, previously: January 2021)
Who is funding the study?
Zimmer GmbH (Switzerland)
Who is the main contact?
Mrs Rachel Williams
Trial website
https://www.ndorms.ox.ac.uk/clinical-trials/current-trials-and-studies/allikat
Additional identifiers
EudraCT number
ClinicalTrials.gov number
NCT03302013
Protocol/serial number
30729
Study information
Scientific title
All Ligaments Left In Knee Arthroplasty Trial: Multi-center clinical study comparing the clinical and patient reported outcomes of the vanguard XP knee system to the vanguard CR knee system
Acronym
ALLIKAT
Study hypothesis
There is a difference in clinical and patient reported outcomes between the Vanguard XP Knee System and the Vanguard CR Knee System.
Ethics approval
South Central - Berkshire B Research Ethics Committee approval, 20/04/2016, ref: 16/SC/0158
Study design
Randomised; Both; Design type: Treatment, Device, Surgery, Cohort study
Primary study design
Interventional
Secondary study design
Non randomised study
Trial setting
Hospitals
Trial type
Treatment
Patient information sheet
Not available in web format, please use the contact details below to request a patient information sheet
Condition
Specialty: Musculoskeletal disorders, Primary sub-specialty: Elective Orthopaedic Surgery; UKCRC code/ Disease: Musculoskeletal/ Other joint disorders
Intervention
Participants are randomly allocated to one of two groups, determining if they receive the Vanguard CR or the Vanguard XP, using an online system (RRAMP). Those in group one receive the Vanguard CR, which is the standard care option and acts as the control arm. Those in group two receive the Vanguard XP, this is the experimental arm using a new bi-cruciate retaining surgical technique and knee replacement system to retain the Anterior Cruciate Ligament.
A small preference cohort group of 60 patients receiving the Vanguard XP Knee System are recruited alongside the randomised controlled group. This data is used to confirm the external validity of the randomised controlled group group and to contribute to the safety data for the British Orthopaedic Association’s Beyond Compliance Programme.
Participants are followed up six weeks after surgery, and again at one, two and three years post randomisation to evaluate their pain levels, quality of life, knee function and surgical outcomes.
Intervention type
Other
Phase
Drug names
Primary outcome measure
Outcomes of knee surgery are measured using the Oxford Knee Score (using the Activity & Participation Questionnaire (OKS-APQ)) at baseline and three years post randomisation.
Secondary outcome measures
1. Patient reported outcomes are measured using the Oxford Knee Score - Activity & Participation Questionnaire and Forgotten Joint Score at post-operation (within six weeks), one and two years post randomisation
2. Quality of life is measured using the EuroQol five dimensions questionnaire (EQ-5D-3L) at post-operation (within six weeks), one, two, and three years post randomisation
3. Safety of Vanguard XP Knee System is measured using serious adverse events and complications at post-operation (within six weeks), one, two, and three years post randomisation
4. Clinical/functional assessment is measured using the American Knee Society Score at post-operation (within six weeks) and one and three years post randomisation
5. Beyond Compliance Programme is measured using Forgotten Joint Score at post-operation (within six weeks), one, two, and three years post randomisation
6. Radiographic Assessment (Alignment, Radiolucency, Loosening, Fixation/Migration) is measured using X-rays at one and three years post randomisation
Overall trial start date
01/04/2015
Overall trial end date
19/02/2022
Reason abandoned (if study stopped)
Eligibility
Participant inclusion criteria
1. Primary Osteoarthritis of the knee involving one or more compartments of the joint
2. Intact Anterior and Posterior Cruciate Ligaments
3. Intact collateral ligaments
4. Correctable coronal deformity
5. No more than 15 degrees of fixed flexion deformity
Participant type
Patient
Age group
Adult
Gender
Both
Target number of participants
Planned Sample Size: 260; UK Sample Size: 260
Total final enrolment
77
Participant exclusion criteria
1. Age under 18 years.
2. Revision knee replacement surgery
3. Rheumatoid Arthritis
4. Traumatic aetiology
5. History or clinical signs of ACL rupture
6. Previous arthroscopy related to ACL injury or reconstruction.
7. Correction of a flexion contracture that may require extensive resection of distal femur
8. Altered pain perception and / or neurologic affection due to diabetes.
9. Contraindications for the knee implant:
9.1. Cementless application of components*
9.2. BMI ≥40 kg/m2 *
9.3. Use of Anterior Stabilized Bearings*
9.4. Patients with severe pre-operative varus or valgus deformity ≥ 15 degrees*
9.5. Correction or revision of previous joint replacement procedure on index knee*
9.6. Infection
9.7. Sepsis
9.8. Osteomyelitis
9.9. Osteoporosis (requiring treatment)
10. Relative contraindications include:
10.1. Unco-operative patient or patient with neurologic disorders who is incapable of following directions
10.2. Osteoporosis
10.3. Metabolic disorders which may impair bone formation,
10.4. Osteomalacia
10.5. Distant foci of infections which may spread to the implant site
10.6. Rapid joint destruction, marked bone loss or bone resorption apparent on roentgenogram
10.7. Vascular insufficiency, muscular atrophy, neuromuscular disease
10.8. Incomplete or deficient soft tissue surrounding the knee, including the anterior cruciate ligament*
Recruitment start date
05/09/2016
Recruitment end date
04/09/2017
Locations
Countries of recruitment
United Kingdom
Trial participating centre
Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre
Windmill Road
Headington
Oxford
OX3 7LD
United Kingdom
Trial participating centre
Frimley Park Hospital
Frimley Health NHS Foundation Trust
Portsmouth Road
Frimley
GU16 7UJ
United Kingdom
Trial participating centre
Southmead Hospital
North Bristol NHS Trust
Westbury-on-Trym
Bristol
BS10 5NB
United Kingdom
Trial participating centre
Royal Orthopaedic Hospital
The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
Bristol Road South
Birmingham
B31 2AP
United Kingdom
Sponsor information
Organisation
University of Oxford
Sponsor details
Joint Research Office
Block 60
Churchill Hospital
Headington
Oxford
OX3 7LE
United Kingdom
+44 1865 572221
ctrg@admin.ox.ac.uk
Sponsor type
University/education
Website
Funders
Funder type
Government
Funder name
Zimmer GmbH
Alternative name(s)
Funding Body Type
Funding Body Subtype
Location
Results and Publications
Publication and dissemination plan
Planned publication in a high-impact peer reviewed journal.
IPD sharing statement:
The current data sharing plans for the current study are unknown and will be made available at a later date.
Intention to publish date
19/06/2022
Participant level data
To be made available at a later date
Basic results (scientific)
Publication list