Strengthening muscles involved in breathing to improve cough effectiveness, speaking and swallowing in people with Parkinson's disease
| ISRCTN | ISRCTN13361839 |
|---|---|
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN13361839 |
| Secondary identifying numbers | 11160419 |
- Submission date
- 29/05/2018
- Registration date
- 31/05/2018
- Last edited
- 23/08/2022
- Recruitment status
- No longer recruiting
- Overall study status
- Completed
- Condition category
- Nervous System Diseases
Plain English summary of protocol
Background and study aims
In Parkinson's disease, parts of the brain become progressively damaged over many years. In patients with Parkinson’s disease, the main cause of death is lung inflammation caused by bronchial secretions or food that enters the lungs. This is thought to be because people with Parkinson's disease can have problems with breathing and swallowing that are caused by weakness and slowness of the muscles involved in breathing. A strong cough response is needed to remove food and mucus from the passageways to the lungs. To cough properly, you need to breathe in enough air and then be able to expel it quickly and with force. Strengthening inspiratory (breathing in) and expiratory (breathing out) muscles, as well as breath stacking techniques, can make the cough stronger and more able to clear the passages into the lungs. The aims of this study is to investigate the effects of air stacking in addition to an inspiratory and an expiratory-muscle training program to improve lung function, cough strength, speaking and swallowing in patients with Parkinson's disease.
Who can participate?
People with active Parkinson's disease, who have some disability, are in a stable stage of the disease and are receiving stable treatment for Parkinson's disease.
What does the study involve?
Participants will be allocated randomly to use inspiratory or expiratory muscle training devices in addition to using breath stacking techniques or to use minimum expiratory muscle training only. They will be trained in how to do the exercises and then will do the exercises at home for 2 months.
What are the possible benefits and risks of participating?
Possible benefits include a stronger and more effective cough to remove food and mucus from the passageways to the lungs, improved voice volume, and receiving comprehensive assessments of breathing, voice and swallowing functions. Possible risks include respiratory muscle soreness and fatigue. The risks associated with the respiratory muscle training are low, but to minimize them the training is tailored to each participant and the necessary resting time is provided to avoid fatigue.
Where is the study run from?
Universidad Andres Bello
When is the study starting and how long is it expected to run for?
April 2018 to October 2018 (as of 04/10/2018)
Who is funding the study?
Chilean National Fund for Scientific and Technological Development
Who is the main contact?
Dr Alvaro Reyes, alvaro.reyes@unab.cl
Contact information
Public
Fernandez Concha #700
Santiago
7591538
Chile
| Phone | +56226615665 |
|---|---|
| alvaro.reyes@unab.cl |
Study information
| Study design | Randomized controlled trial |
|---|---|
| Primary study design | Interventional |
| Secondary study design | Randomised controlled trial |
| Study setting(s) | Home |
| Study type | Treatment |
| Participant information sheet | Not available in web format, please use contact details to request a participant information sheet. |
| Scientific title | The effects of respiratory muscle training and air-stacking on pulmonary function, phonatory measures and swallowing function in patients with Parkinson's disease |
| Study objectives | The use of air stacking and an expiratory muscle training program would be more effective than the use of air stacking and an inspiratory muscle training program to improve peak cough flow, phonation and swallowing function in patients with Parkinson's disease. |
| Ethics approval(s) | Bioethics Commitee of the Rehabilitation Sciences Faculty at Andres Bello University, 17/05/2018, #A059 |
| Health condition(s) or problem(s) studied | Idiopathic Parkinson's disease |
| Intervention | 39 patients with Parkinson's disease will be divided into 3 groups using the block randomization method. 13 participants will be assigned to perform home-based expiratory muscle training and air stacking, 13 will be assigned to perform home-based inspiratory muscle training and air stacking, and 13 participants will be assigned to receive home-based expiratory muscle training only at minimum and fixed load (control group). Inspiratory muscle training protocol will consist on 5 sets of 5 inspiratory efforts using a Threshold® Inspiratory Muscle Trainer (HS730-010. Phillips Respironics, USA). Expiratory muscle training protocol will consist on 5 sets of 5 efforts using an expiratory muscle trainer (EMST150. Aspire Products, LLC). Both training will be performed at a resistance equal to 75% of each participants maximum inspiratory pressure and maximum expiratory pressure, which will be calculated based on maximum inspiratory pressure and maximum expiratory pressure baseline measurements. The air-stacking program for both groups will consist of 10 series of 3-4 consecutive lung insufflations by air-stacking 6 times a week for 2 months. Inspiratory and expiratory muscle training will be performed 6 times a week for 2 months. The control group will perform home-based expiratory muscle training at minimum and fixed load (9 cm H2O) using the same protocol of training groups. |
| Intervention type | Device |
| Pharmaceutical study type(s) | |
| Phase | |
| Drug / device / biological / vaccine name(s) | |
| Primary outcome measure | Voluntary and reflex peak cough flow, measured using a pneumotachograph (MLT 1000; ADInstruments, Inc) coupled to a data acquisitions system (PowerLab 8/35, ADInstruments, Inc.), before and after 2 months of respiratory muscle training and air stacking |
| Secondary outcome measures | 1. Maximum inspiratory and expiratory pressure, measured using a pressure manometer (Micro RPM, Micro Medical-Care Fusion, Kent, UK) before and after 2 months of respiratory muscle training and air stacking 2. Slow vital capacity, forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in 1s, measured using a digital spirometer (FE141, ADInstruments, Inc.) coupled to a data acquisitions system (PowerLab 8/35, ADInstruments, Inc.) before and after 2 months of respiratory muscle training and air stacking 3. Phonatory measures subglottic pressure (SGP) and phonation threshold pressure (PTP) were measured during the production of plosives and recorded using a handled battery-operated device (PG-100E, Glottal Enterprises, Canada) connected to a 0.5 inches (inner diameter) silicon tubing and a standard Luer-connector. The opposite end of the silicon tubing was placed between each participant's lips preventing them from biting the tip of the tubing. Participants were instructed to repeat the syllable /pa/ at a rate of 1.5 to 2 seconds until the pressure tachometer inside the device (PG-100E), reached a 3-second plateau. SGP and PTP measurements were performed at three voice intensities: conversational, lowest possible intensity, and highest possible intensity. SGP and PTP were repeated at least 3 times for each voice intensity. The highest value of each voice intensity record was used for further analysis. Voice production intensity during SGP and PTP measurements were recorded using a portable digital recorder (Tascam DR40) sampling rate 44kHz/16-bit, placed at 45º and 20 cm from participants’ lips. Voice recordings were further analyzed using Praat software (Phonetic Sciences, University of Amsterdam. The Netherlands). The mean and maximum sound pressure level (SPL) in decibels were extracted for further analysis. For maximum phonation time (MPT) participants were instructed to produce a sustained vowel /a/ sound for as long as possible after a deep inspiration. Three consecutive measures were performed and the highest value was considered for further analysis. MPT was measured with a stopwatch and participants were verbally encouraged during their vocalization. All phonatory measures were performed with participants in the seated position and in a noiseless room. All phonatory measures were assessed at baseline and after 2 months of respiratory muscle training and air stacking. |
| Overall study start date | 16/04/2018 |
| Completion date | 08/10/2018 |
Eligibility
| Participant type(s) | Patient |
|---|---|
| Age group | Adult |
| Sex | Both |
| Target number of participants | 39 in three groups of 13 |
| Total final enrolment | 31 |
| Key inclusion criteria | 1. Idiopathic Parkinson's disease confirmed by a neurologist and in the "on" stage of the disease with a moderate level of disability (stage II and III Hoehn and Yahr scale) 2. Ability to understand and respond to the instructions given in the study 3. Stable dose and type of antiparkinsonian medication 4. Stable disease at the moment of inclusion in this study |
| Key exclusion criteria | 1. Other concomitant neurological disease 2. Current smoker 3. History of cardiovascular pathology, lung disease or the presence of respiratory symptoms such as cough, phlegm, wheezing or dyspnoea at the time of assessment 4. Difficulty in maintaining a proper mouth seal or unable to avoid air leakage during pulmonary function testing |
| Date of first enrolment | 23/05/2018 |
| Date of final enrolment | 13/08/2018 |
Locations
Countries of recruitment
- Chile
Study participating centre
Santiago
8360248
Chile
Sponsor information
University/education
Fernandez Concha #700. Las Condes
Santiago
7591538
Chile
| Phone | +56226618672 |
|---|---|
| amartineau@unab.cl | |
| Website | www.unab.cl |
"ROR" |
https://ror.org/01qq57711 |
Funders
Funder type
Not defined
No information available
Results and Publications
| Intention to publish date | 08/10/2019 |
|---|---|
| Individual participant data (IPD) Intention to share | No |
| IPD sharing plan summary | Not expected to be made available |
| Publication and dissemination plan | Planned publication in a high-impact peer-reviewed journal in mid-2019 |
| IPD sharing plan | The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are not expected to be made available because the informed consent does not allow the dissemination of personal information of the participants. |
Study outputs
| Output type | Details | Date created | Date added | Peer reviewed? | Patient-facing? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Results article | results | 01/11/2020 | 27/09/2019 | Yes | No |
| Protocol file | 23/08/2022 | No | No |
Additional files
Editorial Notes
23/08/2022: Uploaded protocol (not peer-reviewed) as an additional file.
27/09/2019: The following changes were made:
1. Publication reference added.
2. The final enrolment number was added from the reference.
04/10/2018: The following changes have been made to the trial record:
1. The overall trial end date has been changed from 31/10/2018 to 08/10/2018
2. The recruitment end date has been changed from 31/08/2018 to 13/08/2018
3. The plain English summary has been updated
4. The intention to publish date has been changed from 30/06/2019 to 08/10/2019
