Plain English Summary
Background and study aims
Psychosis is a mental health problem that causes people to perceive or interpret things differently from those around them. This might involve hallucinations or delusions. The first symptoms of psychosis typically emerge around late adolescence and early adulthood, when a young person is devoting full-time to complete compulsory education or is trying to secure her/his first paid employment. Experiencing symptoms at this stage of life often result in early interruption of studies, fewer qualifications and consequent difficulties in securing a job.
Individual Placement and Support (IPS) which follows a “place and train” model is the most successful evidence-based intervention to support people with severe mental illness to find a competitive employment. The IPS model and its recent adaptation which includes a specific education focus has, however, never been evaluated with young clinical high risk (CHR) individuals. This project aims (i) to implement IPS in Early Detection for psychosis services, (ii) to measure the effects of IPS on social and occupational functioning and overall mental health; (ii) to evaluate CHR clients’ and staff experience with IPS.
Who can participate?
People aged 16 – 40 who meet criteria of being CHR of psychosis.
What does the study involve?
The study involves entering the Individual Placement and Support programme, tracking clients’ progresses with education and/or employment goals and evaluate if they have found this intervention helpful. Clients educational/employment goals will be assessed at the start of the study by an Occupational Therapist who is also a researcher. The IPS intervention is an individualised approach which involves intensive, individual support to re-engage or staying in education or employment. Depending on the clients’ needs and preference, this can include face-to-face meetings with the IPS-trained Occupational Therapist; support in preparing job or school applications; preparing CV; practicing for interviews; and joining the clinents in appointments when they request support (e.g. work place, educational institution, job centre). Because this is an individualised intervention, the number of sessions that the clients will receive can range between 12 and 24 in 6 months, according to their needs. Clients will be asked to provide socio-demographic information (e.g. gender/age, employment and education history etc.), a brief medical history and answer some questions about their mental wellbeing, all these data will be kept confidential and will be coded.
Clients will be asked to complete some additional questionnaires regarding their current level of functioning, how they perceive themselves and how they use their time daily. These questionnaires will be completed at the start of the study, after three months and after six months. The questionnaires can be completed at OASIS or at the IoPPN. It will take approximately 1 hour and 30 minutes to complete the baseline questionnaires and interview while it will take approximately 50 minutes to complete the follow-up questionnaires and interview.
At the end of the intervention, clients will be asked to complete an evaluation form. It will take approximately 10 minutes to complete the evaluation form. Clients will be also asked some additional questions which will help to understand what they found useful and what could be improved in the intervention. This will take approximately 30 minutes, and, with permission, this will be audio recorded with an encrypted smartphone.
What are the possible benefits and risks of participating?
The intervention aims to provide individualised and intensive support with employment or/and educational goals to people who have experienced mental health difficulties. By participating, clients may contribute to the development of medical knowledge of which they and other young individuals could benefit.
There are no known risks associated with this intervention. It is possible that anxiety and emotional distress might be experienced as a result of clinical assessment, interviews and questionnaires. If clients experience distress or anxiety they are invited to let the research and/or the clinical team know. The clinical team will offer appropriate support (e.g. face-to-face appointment) as soon as possible.
Where is the study run from?
1. South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, UK
2. King’s College London, UK
When is the study starting and how long is it expected to run for?
May 2019 to November 2020
Who is funding the study?
Maudsley Charity, UK
Who is the main contact?
Dr Stefania Tognin
stefania.tognin@kcl.ac.uk
Trial website
Contact information
Type
Scientific
Primary contact
Dr Stefania Tognin
ORCID ID
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1983-9135
Contact details
Department of Psychosis Studies
Institute of Psychiatry
Psychology & Neuroscience
PO Box 67
De Crespigny Park
London
SE5 8AF
United Kingdom
+44 (0)20 7848 0415
stefania.tognin@kcl.ac.uk
Additional identifiers
EudraCT number
Nil known
ClinicalTrials.gov number
Nil known
Protocol/serial number
243427
Study information
Scientific title
Individual placement and support in early psychosis
Acronym
IPS-ED
Study hypothesis
1. Are the IPS protocol and research procedures appropriate, feasible and acceptable?
2. Can the study recruit and retain people in treatment according to target?
3. What is the sample size for the definitive trial?
4. What are the research and intervention resources needed, including training and supervision, for the final trial and future implementation?
Ethics approval
Approved 18/01/2019, London-Dulwich Research Ethics Committee (Health Research Authority, Skipton House, 80 London Road, London, SE1 6LH; +44 (0)207 104 8052; NRESCommittee.London-Dulwich@nhs.net), ref:
Study design
Feasibility study with a quasi-experimental historical control design
Primary study design
Observational
Secondary study design
Longitudinal study
Trial setting
Other
Trial type
Treatment
Patient information sheet
Not available in web format, please use contact details to request a participant information sheet
Condition
Psychosis
Intervention
The IPS intervention is an individualised approach which involves intensive, individual support to re-engage or stay in education or employment. Depending on the client's needs and preference, this can include face-to-face meetings with the IPS trained Occupational Therapist; support in preparing job or school applications; preparing CV; practicing for interviews; and joining the client in appointments when they request support (e.g. work place, educational institution, job centre). None of the information collected as part of this research study will be shared during these appointments with third parties (e.g. work place, educational institution, job centre).
Clients enrolment in the IPS programme will terminate at 6 months (+/- 2 months)from the end of the intervention phase.
This is feasibility study. The resrachers will collect pre-post intervention measures which will include: clients’ level of functioning, rates of employment and rates of education enrolment, self-efficacy, and time used.
The researchers will also compare clients’ level of functioning, rates of employment and rates of education enrolment with data collected as part of an existing approved audit (historical control group receiving treatment as usual).
Intervention type
Behavioural
Phase
Drug names
Primary outcome measure
Feasibility of the intervention assessed using:
1. Evidence of the acceptability assessed by interviews
2. Feasibility of delivering the intervention and conducting the research assessment assessed using data integrity
3. Willingness to be recruited, take part in the intervention and drop-out rate measured using consent forms and records
4. Number of eligible participants
5. Willingness to be re-assessed after the intervention (at every follow-up participants will be asked if they wish to be reassessed)
6. Standard deviation of the secondary outcome measures to estimate the sample size for the definitive trial
7. Research and intervention resources, including training and supervision, necessary for delivering the IPS intervention
8. Rates of employment/enrolment on educational course at 3 and 6 months follow up
Secondary outcome measures
At baseline, 3 months and 6 months:
1. Symptoms of psychosis or attenuated symptoms of psychosis measured using the CAARMS
2. Self-efficacy measured using the General Self-Efficacy Scale
3. Functioning assessed using the Global Assessment of Functioning and Social and Occupational Functioning Scale
4. How participants use their time measured using the Time Use Survey (TUS)
5. Health and social aspects measured using the Health of the Nation Outcome Scale (HoNOS)
Overall trial start date
01/04/2019
Overall trial end date
31/12/2020
Reason abandoned (if study stopped)
Eligibility
Participant inclusion criteria
1. Met criteria for being at clinical high risk of psychosis at some point within the previous 12 months of the commencement of the study and would have been under the care of the OASIS teams
2. Aged 16-40 years
3. Provide informed consent
4. Express interest in vocational/educational support
5. At least 12 months of treatment remaining with the OASIS team
Participant type
Patient
Age group
Adult
Gender
Both
Target number of participants
25
Participant exclusion criteria
1. Unable to fully comprehend the purpose of the study or make a rational decision whether or not to participate (i.e. not 'Gillick competent')
2. Antipsychotic medication for > 30 days (cumulative number of days) in the 3 months before the baseline assessments (including self-ratings and screening assessments), at doses that would be adequate for treating a first episode of psychosis (i.e. excludes very low doses)
3. Any past episode of frank psychosis lasting > 7 days
Recruitment start date
01/06/2019
Recruitment end date
30/11/2020
Locations
Countries of recruitment
United Kingdom
Trial participating centre
South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust
London
CR0 2PR
United Kingdom
Trial participating centre
King's College London
Department of Psychosis Studies
Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience
PO Box 67
De Crespigny Park
London
SE5 8AF
United Kingdom
Sponsor information
Organisation
King's College London
Sponsor details
Room 5.31
James Clerk Maxwell Building
57 Waterloo Road
London
SE1 8WA
United Kingdom
+44 (0)2078483224
reza.razavi@kcl.ac.uk
Sponsor type
University/education
Website
Organisation
South London & Maudsley NHS Fundation Trust
Sponsor details
R&D Office (POO5)
Room W1.13
IoPPN Main Building
King's College London
De Crespigny Park
London
SE5 8AF
United Kingdom
+44 (0)20 7848 0339
slam-ioppn.research@kcl.ac.uk
Sponsor type
Hospital/treatment centre
Website
Organisation
King's College London
Sponsor details
Sponsor type
Not defined
Website
Funders
Funder type
Charity
Funder name
Maudsley Charity
Alternative name(s)
Funding Body Type
private sector organisation
Funding Body Subtype
Trusts, charities, foundations (both public and private)
Location
United Kingdom
Results and Publications
Publication and dissemination plan
The project outcomes will be disseminated using SLaM newsletters, KCL press office, and through presentations at international conferences. The project will also receive national and international visibility through scientific publications and summaries for a non-expert audience.
IPD sharing statement:
The current data sharing plans for this study are unknown and will be available at a later date.
Intention to publish date
30/11/2020
Participant level data
Not expected to be available
Basic results (scientific)
Publication list