Plain English Summary
Background and study aims
Peripheral arterial disease can cause leg pain or discomfort (called intermittent claudication (IC)), which limits the ability to walk and carry out everyday activities. Lifestyle changes, like increasing walking, can lead to improvements, but can be a challenge to begin and then continue. The aim of this study is to investigate if a physiotherapist-led, behaviour change treatment effects walking in people with IC. The treatment is designed to build an understanding of IC and walking exercise and help individuals develop strategies to increase regular walking.
Who can participate?
Adults aged 50 years or older who have IC
What does the study involve?
Participants attend a study visit to complete two short walking tests and answer questionnaires about their daily activities, beliefs about their symptoms and treatment, quality of life and the costs of having IC. Participants are then randomly allocated to one of two groups. Those in the first group receive the new treatment which involves two 60-minute face-to-face sessions (at the participant's home or local hospital) and two 20-minute telephone calls with a physiotherapist to discuss participants’ understanding and beliefs about IC, walking and help participants to set goals and plans to increase walking over 12 weeks. Participants are provided with a step counter (pedometer) and walking record. Those in the second group receive their normal care. After 3 months, all participants attend a second appointment where they will repeat the walking tests and fill out another set of questionnaires. A final set of questionnaires are completed by all participants after 6 months (by post or electronically). Some participants will be invited to provide feedback on their experience of the treatment and trial by telephone or a face-to-face interview with a researcher.
What are the possible benefits and risks of participating?
Participants may benefit from receiving consultations with a physiotherapist, and receiving a step counter and walking diary which can help them increase their walking ability. Participants may benefit from completing a walk test and learning about their own walking ability and walking as a treatment for intermittent claudication. Participants who engage in the walking activity may experience an increase in pain or discomfort. The treatment involves education and reassurance that these symptoms are unpleasant but do not indicate harm.
Where is the study run from?
Guy’s Hospital (UK)
When is the study starting and how long is it expected to run for?
July 2017 to July 2020
Who is funding the study?
The Dunhill Medical Trust (UK)
Who is the main contact?
Dr Julie Bieles
julie.bieles@kcl.ac.uk
Trial website
Contact information
Type
Scientific
Primary contact
Dr Julie Bieles
ORCID ID
Contact details
King’s College London
Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine
School of Population Health & Environmental Sciences
Addison House
Guy’s Campus
London
SE1 1UL
United Kingdom
+44 (0)2078486321
julie.bieles@kcl.ac.uk
Additional identifiers
EudraCT number
ClinicalTrials.gov number
Protocol/serial number
34022
Study information
Scientific title
A brief physiotherapist-led behaviour-change intervention to facilitate walking in older people with peripheral arterial disease: a randomised controlled trial
Acronym
Study hypothesis
The aim of this study is to answer the questions:
1. Does MOSAIC improve walking ability (measured by the 6 Minute Walking Distance [6MWD]) at 3 months compared to usual NHS care in older people with intermittent claudication (IC)?
2. Does MOSAIC improve activities of daily living and QoL at 3 months and walking ability, activities of daily living and QoL at 6 months compared to usual NHS care in people with IC?
3. Is it feasible to collect the measures required to estimate cost utility in future phase 3 trials in people with IC?
4. What are the Mean Clinically Important Difference (MCID) thresholds for the assessment measures in this population?
Ethics approval
London-Bloomsbury Research Ethics Committee, 27/04/2017, 17/LO/0568
Study design
Randomised; Interventional; Design type: Treatment, Education or Self-Management, Psychological & Behavioural, Complex Intervention, Physical, Rehabilitation
Primary study design
Interventional
Secondary study design
Randomised controlled trial
Trial setting
Hospitals
Trial type
Treatment
Patient information sheet
Not available in web format, please use the contact details below to request a patient information sheet
Condition
Specialty: Cardiovascular disease, Primary sub-specialty: Atherothrombosis; UKCRC code/ Disease: Cardiovascular/ Diseases of arteries, arterioles and capillaries
Intervention
Participants visit the study site to complete two short walking tests and answer questionnaires about their daily activities, beliefs about their symptoms and treatment, quality of life and the costs of having IC.
Following informed consent and completion of the baseline assessment, the participant is randomised to one of two arms. Participants are randomised at the level of the individual, stratified within recruitment site, to receive either MOSAIC plus usual NHS care or usual NHS care alone in a ratio of 1:1. The King's College London Clinical Trials Unit provides randomisation. The system is online and can be accessed 24 hours a day. The RA logs in, enters key information about the participant, and the randomisation allocation occurs instantly. Confirmation emails are generated automatically and sent to the CI (and delegated members of the research team) and trial physiotherapists delivering MOSAIC. The RA, who is the outcome assessor, is blind to group allocation. Once the participant is randomised they are given a unique trial identifying number.
Arm 1 MOSAIC Treatment: Participants in this group receive two 60-minute individual face-to-face consultations (on weeks one & two) and two 20-minute follow-up telephone calls (weeks six & 12) delivered at a convenient time and location of participant’s choice (local NHS Trust or participant’s home). All sessions are delivered by a trained Band 6/7 physiotherapist. A checklist outlining the components for each session is provided to each physiotherapist. All participants randomized to this arm are provided with a pedometer and a patient manual which include information on intermittent claudication (IC), risk factors, walking guidelines, goal setting, problem solving and action planning worksheets and a walking diary.
Arm 2 Usual Care comparison: Participants randomized to the comparison group continue to receive usual NHS care for intermittent claudication which typically consists of an initial assessment, drug therapy and simple advice to walk provided by a vascular specialist and delivered in the vascular outpatient clinic.
After 3 months, all participants attend a second appointment where they will repeat the walking tests and fill out another set of questionnaires. A final set of questionnaires are completed by all participants after 6 months (by post or electronically). Some participants are invited to provide feedback on their experience of the treatment and trial by telephone or a face-to-face interview with a researcher.
Intervention type
Behavioural
Phase
Drug names
Primary outcome measure
The 6 Minute Walking Distance (in metres) at 3 months is measured during a self-paced, standardised 6 Minute Walk Test conducted around a level, 100-foot circuit.
Secondary outcome measures
1. Pain-free and maximal walking ability measured during a 6 Minute Walk Test at baseline, 3 and 6 months
2. Self-reported maximal walking distance measured by a global single-item at baseline, 3 and 6 months
3. Self-reported walking ability measured by the Walking Estimated-Limitation Calculated by History [WELCH] questionnaire at baseline, 3 and 6 months
4. Activities of Daily Living measured by the Nottingham Extended Activities of Daily Living [NEADL] questionnaire at baseline, 3 and 6 months
5. Quality of Life measured by the Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire-6 [VascuQol-6] at baseline, 3 and 6 months
Process and feasibility outcomes:
1. Treatment cognitions measured by a Theory of Planned Behaviour Questionnaire (TPBQ) at baseline, 3 and 6 months
2. Illness cognitions measured by the Brief Illness Perceptions Questionnaire (BIPQ) at baseline, 3 and 6 months
3. Walking adherence measured by the Exercise Adherence Rating Scale (EARS) at baseline, 3 and 6 months
4. Resource use measured by the Client Services Receipt Inventory at baseline 3 and 6 months
5. Quality of Life measured by the EuroQuol 5D-5L (EQ-5D-5L) at baseline 3 and 6 months
Overall trial start date
10/07/2017
Overall trial end date
09/07/2020
Reason abandoned (if study stopped)
Eligibility
Participant inclusion criteria
1. ≥50 years of age
2. Established PAD (Ankle Brachial Pressure Index ≤0.90 and/or radiographic evidence [added 21/02/2019: or clinician reported diagnosis]) and IC (presence of symptoms reported on the San Diego Claudication Questionnaire (SDCQ))
3. Able to participate in MOSAIC
4. Able and willing to provide informed consent
Participant type
Patient
Age group
Adult
Gender
Both
Target number of participants
Planned Sample Size: 192; UK Sample Size: 192
Participant exclusion criteria
1. Unstable IC (self-reported change in symptoms in previous 3 months)
2. Walking more than 90 minutes per week (reported via Brief International Physical Activity Questionnaire
3. Contraindications to walking exercise (e.g. unstable angina) confirmed by their vascular specialist
4. Have completed any prescribed exercise sessions in the previous 6 months or been offered prescribed exercise sessions in the next 6 months.
Recruitment start date
10/10/2017
Recruitment end date
09/10/2019
Locations
Countries of recruitment
United Kingdom
Trial participating centre
Guy’s Hospital
Guy’s & St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust
Great Maze Pond
London
SE1 9RT
United Kingdom
Sponsor information
Organisation
King's College London
Sponsor details
Research Management & Innovation Directorate
K0.58 King’s Building
Strand Campus
London
WC2R 2LS
United Kingdom
Sponsor type
University/education
Website
Organisation
Guy’s & St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust
Sponsor details
R&D Department
16th Floor
Tower Wing
Guy’s Hospital
Great Maze Pond
London
SE1 9RT
United Kingdom
Sponsor type
Hospital/treatment centre
Website
Funders
Funder type
Hospital/treatment centre
Funder name
Dunhill Medical Trust
Alternative name(s)
DMT
Funding Body Type
private sector organisation
Funding Body Subtype
other non-profit
Location
United Kingdom
Results and Publications
Publication and dissemination plan
Planned publication in a high-impact peer reviewed journal, anticipated October 2021.
IPD sharing statement:
The data sharing plans for the current study are unknown and will be made available at a later date.
Intention to publish date
31/10/2021
Participant level data
To be made available at a later date
Basic results (scientific)
Publication list