Plain English Summary
Background and study aims
The percentage of the world population affected with anxiety disorders is considered to be high, affecting about 14% of the population of Europe each year. High levels of anxiety disorders have been reported in third level students, affecting 25-30% of this population. In the adult student population in Ireland, 36% suffer from anxiety and 30% from stress. The transition and management of academic demands at third level places great pressures upon students. These together with external circumstances such as the increase in the student monetary contribution to third level places demands on students to do well. The absence of resources can often mean that many do not seek treatment, which can lead to failure and dropout that can negatively impact on their future performance and self-image. Other factors that delay access include, for instance, a lack of trained professionals, personal stigma and waiting lists. Anxiety disorders can be treated successfully, and brief forms of cognitive behaviour therapy have been recommended. One possibility is to deliver low-intensity interventions online. Internet use in Ireland is high and young adults are regular users. Therefore, the current study seeks to investigate the effectiveness of an online self-administered treatment for generalized anxiety, with support.
Who can participate?
Students at the University of Dublin, Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland) with symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder can participate.
What does the study involve?
Students will be randomly allocated to one of the two groups:
1. Active treatment group: a computerized cognitive behavior program consisting of six sessions, with support.
2. Waiting list control group: the participants in this group will not receive any treatment for the duration of the intervention for the active treatment group. They will have to wait until the beginning of the second semester of the academic year (January) to receive the computerized cognitive behavior program.
All participants will receive the same treatment.
What are the possible benefits and risks of participating?
There may be improvements in anxiety and health status.
Where is the study run from?
We will aim to recruit a sample of 100 participants. All participants will be recruited from the student body at the University of Dublin, Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland).
When is the study starting and how long is it expected to run for?
We hope to begin recruitment in October 2013 and thereafter the trial will run until April 2014. The first 6 weeks will be with an active treatment group and a waiting list control. Thereafter waiting list control participants will begin treatment in the second semester of the academic year (January).
Who is funding the study?
SilverCloud Health Ltd and Trinity College Dublin student counselling service.
Who is the main contact?
Dr Derek Richards,
derek.richards@tcd.ie
Trial website
Contact information
Type
Scientific
Primary contact
Dr Derek Richards
ORCID ID
Contact details
University of Dublin
Trintiy College
Dublin
2
Ireland
derek.richards@tcd.ie
Additional identifiers
EudraCT number
ClinicalTrials.gov number
Protocol/serial number
N/A
Study information
Scientific title
Internet-Delivered Treatment for generalized Anxiety symptoms in routine care: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Acronym
IDTA
Study hypothesis
High levels of anxiety disorders have been reported in third level students, affecting 25-30% of this population. In Ireland clinical anxiety has been reported at 36% and clinical stress at 30% of the adult student population. Given the presence of elevated levels of psychopathology (anxiety, stress, depression) in the student population there is a need for interventions. Current psychological services are overstretched and many barriers, such as costs, and personal stigma, exist that prevent people seeking help when they need it. These together with external circumstances such as the reintroduction of college fees places great demands on students to do well. Brief psychological interventions, particularly Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT), have demonstrated their efficacy and have the potential to significantly reduce the burden of anxiety disorders. One potential avenue for research and development is that of delivering low-intensity interventions online. Students are a computer literate group and high users of the internet and related tools. The bulk of the evidence-base for the efficacy and effectiveness of low-intensity internet-delivered treatments for anxiety has been established through research trials although some research from service-based settings exist. Based on the success that has been achieved with supported online treatments we hypothesize that participants in the trial will demonstrate significant decreases in anxiety symptoms post-intervention and a corresponding positive change in quality of life. The current study seeks to make a contribution to understanding the relevance of a low-intensity internet-delivered treatment for anxiety in a service-based naturalistic setting in Ireland.
Ethics approval
School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin - Approval pending
Study design
Randomized controlled trial
Primary study design
Interventional
Secondary study design
Randomised controlled trial
Trial setting
GP practices
Trial type
Treatment
Patient information sheet
Not available in web format, please use the contact details below to request a patient information sheet
Condition
Generalized anxiety disorder
Intervention
Internet intervention for generalized anxiety symptoms in routine primary care.
1. An active treatment group:
The active condition consists of 6 modules of internet-delivered CBT, over 6 weeks, with clinical support providing weekly feedback on progress and exercises. The intervention teaches the principles of CBT and also different cognitive and behavioral strategies that participants can learn to help manage their anxiety. The content includes cognitive restructuring, behavioral exposure, worry exposure (staying with feared outcomes), relaxation training, problem solving, among others. CBT for GAD has as its aim to help the user overcome emotional avoidance and learn that their anxiety is not debilitating, but can be managed and indeed recede over time.
2. A waiting list control.
Participants in the waiting list control group will not receive any treatment for the duration of the intervention for the immediate treatment group (6 weeks). Post-treatment the waiting list participants will continue for 6 weeks after which point they will be given access to treatment under the same conditions as the immediate treatment group received. The rationale for waiting-list participants to have to wait 6 weeks post-treatment before beginning the intervention is that we are following the academic calendar. That means, that the first treatment group will be recruited for October and finish treatment at the beginning of December. At that point many students are sitting exams, also there is a large Christmas break where many students leave. Students at this time are therefore occupied with exams and then take a break, both of which would interrupt treatment or potentially interfere with the treatment offered. It seems reasonable therefore to begin the waiting-list in treatment at the beginning of the new semester (January).
The study seeks to observe and evaluate the effect of the treatment on changes in anxiety symptoms in participants. Data will be collected at baseline and at the end of treatment, week 6 and at follow-up, week 12 (3-months) and week 24 (6-months).
Intervention type
Other
Phase
Not Applicable
Drug names
Primary outcome measures
Anxiety symptoms: Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 Items (GAD-7) measured at baseline and at the end of treatment, week 6 and at follow-up, week 12 (3-months) and week 24 (6-months).
Secondary outcome measures
1. Sociodemographic and History questionnaire
2. Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ)
3. Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D)
4. Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS)
5. Credibility and Expectancy Questionnaire (CEQ)
6. Helpful Aspects of Therapy Form (HAT)
7. Satisfaction with Treatment (SAT)
8. Reasons for dropout
All above outcomes measured at baseline and at the end of treatment, week 6 and at follow-up, week 12 (3-months) and week 24 (6-months).
Overall trial start date
01/10/2013
Overall trial end date
01/04/2014
Reason abandoned
Eligibility
Participant inclusion criteria
1. At least 18 years of age, either sex
2. Significant DSM-IV congurent generalized anxiety symptoms (GAD-7 ≥10)
Participant type
Patient
Age group
Adult
Gender
Both
Target number of participants
100
Participant exclusion criteria
Currently in face-to-face counselling for anxiety
Recruitment start date
01/10/2013
Recruitment end date
01/04/2014
Locations
Countries of recruitment
Ireland
Trial participating centre
University of Dublin
Dublin
2
Ireland
Sponsor information
Organisation
University of Dublin (Ireland)
Sponsor details
c/o Ladislav Timulak
School of Psychology
Trintiy College
Dublin
2
Ireland
+353 1 896 2431
TimulakL@tcd.ie
Sponsor type
University/education
Website
Funders
Funder type
Industry
Funder name
SilverCloud Health Ltd. (Ireland)
Alternative name(s)
Funding Body Type
Funding Body Subtype
Location
Funder name
Trinity College Dublin (Ireland) - provided student counselling service
Alternative name(s)
Funding Body Type
Funding Body Subtype
Location
Results and Publications
Publication and dissemination plan
Not provided at time of registration
Intention to publish date
Participant level data
Not provided at time of registration
Results - basic reporting
Publication summary
2014 protocol in: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24767603
Publication citations
-
Protocol
Richards D, Timulak L, Doherty G, Sharry J, McLoughlin O, Rashleigh C, Colla A, Joyce C, Low-intensity internet-delivered treatment for generalized anxiety symptoms in routine care: protocol for a randomized controlled trial., Trials, 2014, 15, 145, doi: 10.1186/1745-6215-15-145.