Additional identifiers
EudraCT number
ClinicalTrials.gov number
Protocol/serial number
N0265092544
Study information
Scientific title
Acronym
Study hypothesis
This study will further test the hypothesis that there is an infectious aetiology involved in the development of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) by undertaking a randomised, controlled, phase II pilot study of Combivir® therapy in patients with PBC.
Ethics approval
Not provided at time of registration
Study design
Randomised controlled trial
Primary study design
Interventional
Secondary study design
Randomised controlled trial
Trial setting
Not specified
Trial type
Treatment
Patient information sheet
Condition
Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC)
Intervention
This investigation is designed as a randomised, controlled, phase II pilot study of Combivir® in approximately 60 patients with PBC. It is expected that the majority of PBC patients will already be taking ursodeoxycholic acid and patients enrolled in the study will have been on this treatment for at least 6 months.
Patients will be randomised to continue with ursodeoxycholic acid alone or in combination with Combivir®. The clinical, virological, histological and immune effects of the study drug will be examined. The clinical end point of the study will be 1 year of therapy or evidence for developing end stage liver disease. All PBC patients except for those with decompensated liver disease will be enrolled in the study after obtaining an informed written consent.
The PBC patients will already be on ursodeoxycholic acid at an adjusted dose of 13 - 15 mg/kg of body weight/day in 2 - 3 divided doses. Patients treated with Combivir® will receive one tablet twice a day: Lamivudine 150 mg and Zidovudine 300 mg twice a day. Those patients not on ursodeoxycholic acid at the start of the study will be treated with ursodeoxycholic acid at the dose indicated for a period of 6 months prior to randomisation to ursodeoxycholic acid alone or in combination with Combivir® twice a day.
At enrolment, each patient with PBC will be assessed for the inclusion criteria. Prior to therapy, patients will have a thorough history taken to assess symptoms. An objective graded clinical parameter scale will include the development, presence or worsening of pruritus, fatigue, sicca syndrome or right upper quadrant pain. At the same time patients will be examined for the presence or development of overt clinical signs such as jaundice, splenomegaly or hepatomegaly. At this point, the baseline blood tests will include: full blood count (FBC), reticulocyte count, prothrombin time (PT), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphate, albumin, total protein, bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol, creatine kinase (CK), amylase, immunoglobulins, antinuclear antibodies (ANA), and quantitated AMA. All of these are laboratory assessments that are clinically useful in following patients with PBC.
Unless problems develop in the interim, patients will be seen at months 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 after initiation of therapy. At the initial clinic visit, blood will be drawn for BUN, creatinine, electrolytes, amylase, bilirubin, AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase, albumin, PT, serum lactate and FBC. Subsequently, samples will be drawn for hepatic biochemistry, as well as virological and immunological studies. Patients will undergo a physical exam at each visit and also be questioned about changes in symptoms. Liver biopsies will be performed as clinically indicated.
Response to therapy will be based on changes in symptomatology, development of overt clinical signs, immunological parameters, improvement of liver function and biochemistry. Immunological studies include quantitative AMA levels. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot virological studies will be performed on serum samples before and after therapy in the Hepatitis Research Laboratory, Alton Ochsner Medical Foundation, USA.
Intervention type
Drug
Phase
Not Applicable
Drug names
Ursodeoxycholic acid, Combivir® (lamivudine and zidovudine)
Primary outcome measure
Not provided at time of registration
Secondary outcome measures
Not provided at time of registration
Overall trial start date
01/10/2001
Overall trial end date
01/05/2005
Reason abandoned (if study stopped)
Eligibility
Participant inclusion criteria
Patients will be recruited from the Liver Out-Patients Department at the Queen Elizabeth Hospital:
1. Patients greater than 20 years old of either sex
2. Elevated alkaline phosphatase or alanine aminotransferase (ALT) within 3 months prior to the start of therapy
3. Positive serum anti-mitochondrial antibodies (AMA) (titre greater than 1:20)
4. Liver biopsy histology compatible with PBC
Participant type
Patient
Age group
Adult
Gender
Both
Target number of participants
60
Participant exclusion criteria
1. Patients treated with immunosuppressive or anti-inflammatory agents
2. Advance liver disease: Child's class B or C
3. Patients with secondary hepatological diagnosis
4. Alcohol abuse (greater than 50 g of alcohol per day)
5. Other significant co-morbidity (e.g. cardiac or renal failure)
6. Pregnancy or breast feeding
7. Sexually active female of child bearing age not using effective contraception
Recruitment start date
01/10/2001
Recruitment end date
01/05/2005
Locations
Countries of recruitment
United Kingdom
Trial participating centre
Liver Medicine
Birmingham
B15 2TH
United Kingdom
Sponsor information
Organisation
Department of Health (UK)
Sponsor details
Richmond House
79 Whitehall
London
SW1A 2NL
United Kingdom
Sponsor type
Government
Website
Funders
Funder type
Industry
Funder name
University Hospital Birmingham NHS Trust (UK)
Alternative name(s)
Funding Body Type
Funding Body Subtype
Location
Funder name
NHS R&D Support Funding
Alternative name(s)
Funding Body Type
Funding Body Subtype
Location
Funder name
GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) (UK)
Alternative name(s)
GlaxoSmithKline plc., GSK
Funding Body Type
private sector organisation
Funding Body Subtype
For-profit companies (industry)
Location
United Kingdom
Results and Publications
Publication and dissemination plan
Not provided at time of registration
Intention to publish date
Participant level data
Not provided at time of registration
Basic results (scientific)
Publication list
2004 results in http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15571581
Publication citations
-
Results
Mason AL, Farr GH, Xu L, Hubscher SG, Neuberger JM, Pilot studies of single and combination antiretroviral therapy in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis., Am. J. Gastroenterol., 2004, 99, 12, 2348-2355, doi: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2004.40741.x.