Contact information
Type
Scientific
Primary contact
Prof Richard A Greene
ORCID ID
Contact details
Anu Research Centre
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
University College Cork
Cork University Maternity Hospital
Wilton
Cork
-
Ireland
+353 (0)21 4920500
R.Greene@ucc.ie
Additional identifiers
EudraCT number
ClinicalTrials.gov number
Protocol/serial number
N/A
Study information
Scientific title
Randomised controlled trial for the treatment of pelvic girdle pain in pregnancy
Acronym
GRIP trial (GRoup therapy verses Individual therapy for Pelvic girdle pain in pregnancy)
Study hypothesis
We aim to conduct a prospective open label randomised controlled trial to test the hypothesis that following initial assessment by a physiotherapist, group care exercise class is as effective in reducing pain as individual physiotherapy care.
Ethics approval
Cork University Teaching Hospitals Clinical Research Ethics Committee, approved on 16/01/2009
Study design
Open-label randomised controlled single-centre trial
Primary study design
Interventional
Secondary study design
Randomised controlled trial
Trial setting
Hospitals
Trial type
Treatment
Patient information sheet
Not available in web format, please use the contact details below to request a patient information sheet
Condition
Pelvic girdle pain in pregnancy
Intervention
Following initial assessment participants will be randomly allocated to one of two treatment groups (randomisation ratio 1:1). Patients will be asked to keep a pain score diary where they will record their pain score using a visual analogue scoring system. Patients will be asked to record a score every morning and every evening during the treatment course. The first treatment in both treatment arms will be one week following initial assessment.
Individual care group: Three sessions/week, approximately 45 minutes/session
Group care group: Weekly group exercise classes for 4 weeks (1h/class), focusing on core stability and strengthening exercises.
In both treatment groups pain scores will be followed up for 1 week post last treatment.
Intervention type
Other
Phase
Not Applicable
Drug names
Primary outcome measures
A reduction in the current intensity of PGP related to motion on a 100-point visual analogue scale (VAS) in the morning and in the evening recorded in the patient's diaries (0 represented no pain and 100 represented worst conceivable pain).
Secondary outcome measures
1. Admission to hospital with PGP during the course of the current pregnancy
2. Frequency of sick leave from work due to PGP from initial diagnosis until delivery
3. Representation at the physiotherapy department during the trial period (From initial assessment and diagnosis until the last treatment session)
4. Representation at the physiotherapy department after the trial period (From last treatment session until delivery)
5. Number of patients requiring the combination of crutches and Tubigrip® (elasticated tubular support bandage) during the antenatal period
6. Number of patients induced or delivered earlier than their estimated date of delivery due to severe PGP
7. Patient satisfaction measured via the Client Satisfaction Questionnaire (CSQ-18B) following the third treatment
8. Patient specific functional scale (PSFS). This will be measured at initial assessment and following the third treatment. The PSFS will measure patient's ability to perform 3 out of the 4 following tasks. Each of the 3 tasks chosen by the patient is measured out of 10 and then an average score is taken. A drop of 2 in one of the tasks will be considered as indicating an improvement. A drop of 3 in the overall average of the 3 tasks will also be considered as indicating an improvement.
The 3 tasks will be chosen from:
a. Turning over in bed
b. Climbing stairs
c. Sitting more than 10 minutes
d. Standing more than 10 minutes
9. Active straight leg raise. This will be measured at initial assessment and following the third treatment. While lying supine with a wedge placed under the women's right side, the patient will be asked to alternatively raise her legs. The patient will be asked to give a score out of 5 for the difficulty level. Scores are indicated as follows
5 = Unable to perform
4 = Very Hard
3 = Moderately Hard
2 = Somewhat Hard
1 = Minimal Difficulty
0 = No Difficulty
The total score will be marked out of 10 (5 for each leg). A drop in the score of 3 will be considered as indicating an improvement.
10. Gestational age at delivery
11. Birthweight at delivery
12. Mode of delivery: Either normal vaginal delivery, instrumental delivery or caesarean section
Overall trial start date
01/04/2009
Overall trial end date
31/03/2010
Reason abandoned
Eligibility
Participant inclusion criteria
Pregnant women (primigravida and multigravida; no age limits) from 20-35 weeks of gestation attending Cork University Maternity Hospital (CUMH) low risk antenatal clinics who are referred to the physiotherapy department by their health care provider or following self referral with back pain or pelvic pain will be assessed for inclusion in the trial. Women referred to the physiotherapy department with symptoms of pelvic girdle pain (PGP) will be assessed on presentation by a one of six departmental physiotherapists specializing in women's health.
To make the diagnosis of PGP the following tests will be performed as per the European Guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of Pelvic Girdle Pain and a pain history taken as detailed.
Sacroiliac joint assessment:
1. Posterior pelvic pain provocation test (P4)
2. Gaenslen's test
3. Compression of anterior superior iliac spines (ASIS)
4. Distraction Sacro-Iliac Joint (SIJ) pain provocation test
5. Assessment of Sulci depth in lumbar spine in neutral and extension
Functional pelvic test:
6. Active straight leg raise test (ASLR)
Pain history (according to the criteria of Ostgaard):
7. It is recommended that a pain history be taken with specific attention paid to pain patterns and irritability of PGP
8. There must be no nerve root syndrome
9. The severity of pain must be related to motion
The diagnosis of PGP will be made if the patient has two or more of criteria 1-4 (Laslett's criteria) in combination with a negative McKenzie and negative neurological examination. Criteria 5-9 will be performed and assessed to try and improve diagnostic sensitivity and specificity as well as help exclude other pathologies that may cause pelvic and back pain.
Participant type
Patient
Age group
Adult
Gender
Female
Target number of participants
226
Participant exclusion criteria
1. Women with other pain conditions, history of orthopaedic disease or surgery in the spine or pelvic girdle systemic disorders or if attending the high risk antenatal clinic in CUMH
2. Women who volunteered a history of sexual abuse at any point of the study
3. Women who do not speak English fluently
4. Women with non viable pregnancies
5. Women who have already received treatment for PGP outside of this trial
6. Pregnant women who present who will not be booking at CUMH for their pregnancy or are not resident in the South West of Ireland
7. Women with a history of severe PGP in previous pregnancies. Severe PGP will be defined as occurring less than 20 weeks gestation in a previous pregnancy or requiring crutches in a previous pregnancy or women with a history of PGP in two or more previous pregnancies.
Recruitment start date
01/04/2009
Recruitment end date
31/03/2010
Locations
Countries of recruitment
Ireland
Trial participating centre
Anu Research Centre
Cork
-
Ireland
Sponsor information
Organisation
Cork University Maternity Hospital (Ireland)
Sponsor details
Anu Research Centre
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
University College Cork
Cork University Maternity Hospital
Cork
-
Ireland
+353 (0)21 4920500
R.Greene@ucc.ie
Sponsor type
Hospital/treatment centre
Website
Funders
Funder type
Hospital/treatment centre
Funder name
Cork University Maternity Hospital (Ireland)
Alternative name(s)
Funding Body Type
Funding Body Subtype
Location
Results and Publications
Publication and dissemination plan
Not provided at time of registration
Intention to publish date
Participant level data
Not provided at time of registration
Results - basic reporting
Publication summary