HEADS-UP: a structured team intervention to improve safety and quality on medical wards

ISRCTN	ISRCTN34806867
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN34806867
Secondary identifying numbers	N/A

Submission date: 23/03/2015
Registration date: 24/03/2015
Last edited: 20/07/2017

Recruitment status: No longer recruiting
Overall study status: Completed
Condition category: Other

Prospectively registered

Protocol

Statistical analysis plan

Results

Individual participant data

Plain English summary of protocol

Background and study aims:
Most preventable hospital deaths are due to errors on general wards. Ward staff can report major safety problems they see each day, but turning that knowledge into safer care has been difficult. The aim of this study is to find out whether a daily safety briefing for medical ward staff helps to improve the quality and safety of care for their patients.

Who can participate?
Staff in seven different clinical areas in two hospitals

What does the study involve?
Each working day, ward teams taking part complete the HEADS-UP safety briefing. This is a short structured session each morning to find out what had happened the day before. For example, teams ask if there were any equipment problems or communication mistakes. They decide if they can do anything straight away to solve the problems they've discussed. If the problems can't be solved straight away, they are sent to more senior members of the team to decide how to put them right. HEADS-UP is designed to make sure that patients receive the best care already available, not to introduce new treatments, so patients on HEADS-UP wards may not notice any difference.

What are the possible risks and benefits of participating?
On a busy ward, it's easy to overlook important problems. Sometimes, the hospital may not even know there is a problem, even if it frustrates staff and is a risk to patients. HEADS-UP should help make sure that background problems are picked up, and corrected, before they lead to a patient being harmed. HEADS-UP teams should be more confident that they are providing safe care and working well as a team. Patients on HEADS-UP wards should receive more effective care and be discharged more quickly. We don't think there are major risks to a ward taking part in HEADS-UP. Senior doctors and managers want their teams to be more involved in delivering safe care. HEADS-UP shouldn't take doctors, nurses or therapists away from their ward jobs for more than a few minutes each day. Even if the hospital can't solve all of the problems that HEADS-UP points out, it's important that they know about them to plan for the future.

Where is the study run from?
The HEADS-UP study is run by the National Institute for Health Research Imperial Patient Safety Translational Research Centre (NIHR Imperial PSTRC), which is part of Imperial College London (UK)

When is the study starting and how long is it expected to run for?
December 2013 to May 2015

Who is funding the study?
The NIHR Imperial PSTRC and West Middlesex University Hospital (UK)

Who is the main contact?
Dr Sam Pannick
s.pannick@imperial.ac.uk

Contact information

Dr Sam Pannick
Scientific

Room 503
Wright Fleming Building
Norfolk Place
London
W2 1PG
United Kingdom

ORCID ID	0000-0001-9381-5556
Phone	+44 (0)207 594 3425
Email	s.pannick@imperial.ac.uk

Study information

Study design	Interventional multi-centre stepped-wedge cluster controlled additional mixed methods qualitative analysis
Primary study design	Interventional
Secondary study design	Non-randomised cluster controlled study
Study setting(s)	Hospital
Study type	Other
Participant information sheet	Not available in web format, please use the contact details to request a patient information sheet
Scientific title	A stepped wedge, cluster-controlled trial to evaluate a structured team intervention on medical wards (Hospital Event Analysis Describing Significant Unanticipated Problems)
Study acronym	HEADS-UP (Hospital Event Analysis Describing Significant Unanticipated Problems)
Study objectives	1. Team use of the HEADS-UP briefing would empower junior clinicians to voice concerns, improving their teams’ situational awareness (an important factor in mitigating risks) and their units’ safety and teamwork climates 2. This would promote early team recognition of the deteriorating patient, and facilitate the process of escalation of care 3. Information generated by ward teams would both inform their own practice and prompt downstream service reorganisation 4. The combination of ward and support service improvement would improve clinical outcomes, with a dose-response relationship (i.e., the better the tool is used in practice, the greater the benefit seen) 5. An explicit focus on team-wide recognition of adverse events would improve engagement with existing incident reporting systems, thus leading to an increase in formally reported incidents within wards implementing HEADS-UP
Ethics approval(s)	Permission for the study was sought from the relevant Research & Development authority at each participating institution. Both authorities approved the study as a quality improvement and service development initiative not requiring formal ethical evaluation (Imperial College Academic Health Science Centre Joint Research Compliance Office/West Middlesex University Hospital Research & Development Department)
Health condition(s) or problem(s) studied	Quality and safety of inpatient medical care
Intervention	A prompt-led team briefing (HEADS-UP) to help multidisciplinary medical ward teams discuss clinical and administrative challenges, including adverse events, of the preceding 24 hours. Regular feedback to participating teams, managers and senior clinicians, allied to an organisational response.
Intervention type	Other
Primary outcome measure	Excess length of stay (a surplus stay of 24 hours or more, compared to peer institutions' Healthcare Resource Groups-predicted length of stay), measured in each cluster each month (according to the stepped wedge design) over the course of the 14-month study period
Secondary outcome measures	1. Excess length of stay or readmission within 30 days, measured in each cluster each month 2. In-hospital death or death/readmission within 30 days, measured in each cluster each month 3. Complications of care (hospital-acquired infections and pressure ulcers), measured in each cluster each month 4. Processes of escalation of care (use of the ICU outreach service, unplanned ICU admissions, and cardiac arrest calls), measured in each cluster each month 5. Staff engagement with incident reporting, measured in each cluster each month 6. Patient safety and teamwork subsections of the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire, at baseline and then 6 months later
Overall study start date	01/12/2013
Completion date	01/05/2015

Eligibility

Participant type(s)	Mixed
Age group	Adult
Sex	Both
Target number of participants	7 clusters; approximately 15 staff in each cluster; 7840 patients
Key inclusion criteria	1. Health professionals on participating medical wards available to take part in the HEADS-UP briefings 2. All patients admitted to those wards during the study period, unless they meet one of the exclusion criteria
Key exclusion criteria	Patient exclusion criteria: 1. Time spent on the specified ward comprising less than 50% of the total inpatient stay 2. Discharge to a new skilled care facility or other hospital (i.e., not the patient’s address at the time of admission; discharge to a new facility typically incurs substantial delays, outside of the ward team’s control) 3. Multiple intra-hospital ward transfers. A single transfer from the initial admissions unit to a downstream medical ward is permitted. One further transfer to an escalation area to facilitate discharge (whereby the patient spends less than 24 hours in the escalation area immediately prior to their discharge home) is also permitted 4. Admission to the high dependency unit or ICU 5. Elective admission or direct admission from another hospital 6. Surgeon-directed care for more than 24 hours during the inpatient stay
Date of first enrolment	01/12/2013
Date of final enrolment	28/02/2015

Locations

Countries of recruitment

England
United Kingdom

Study participating centres

West Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust

Twickenham Road
Isleworth
TW7 6AF
United Kingdom

St Mary's Hospital (Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust)

Praed Street
London
W2 1NY
United Kingdom

Sponsor information

NIHR Imperial Patient Safety Translational Research Centre
University/education

5th Floor Medical School Building
Wright Fleming Building
Norfolk Place
London
W2 1PG
England
United Kingdom

Website	http://www.cpssq.org

Funders

Funder type

Hospital/treatment centre

West Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust

No information available

Results and Publications

Intention to publish date
Individual participant data (IPD) Intention to share	No
IPD sharing plan summary	Not expected to be made available
Publication and dissemination plan	To be confirmed at a later date
IPD sharing plan

Study outputs

Output type	Details	Date created	Peer reviewed?	Patient-facing?
Results article	results	22/06/2015	Yes	No
Results article	results	05/04/2017	Yes	No
Results article	results	18/07/2017	Yes	No

Editorial Notes

20/07/2017: Publication reference added.
10/04/2017: Publication reference added.