ISRCTN ISRCTN46152275
DOI https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN46152275
Secondary identifying numbers 041281622
Submission date
30/08/2016
Registration date
29/09/2016
Last edited
27/11/2020
Recruitment status
No longer recruiting
Overall study status
Completed
Condition category
Cancer
Prospectively registered
Protocol
Statistical analysis plan
Results
Individual participant data

Plain English summary of protocol

Background and study aims
Cancer and treatment for cancer can affect a person’s appetite and how they digest, absorb and use food. This can lead to malnutrition. Cancer-related malnutrition can make a person feel tired, weak and not well enough to be treated for the disease and it is a major cause of death in cancer patients.
The role of energy metabolism (that is, the process of getting and using energy from food) in cancer malnutrition remains unclear. Resting energy expenditure (REE) is the amount of energy that is used over a 24 hour period expended in 24 hours by the body at rest. The objective of the study is to determine the relationship between cancer malnutrition, cancer survival and energy expenditure.

Who can participate?
Cancer patients over the age of 18 and being treated at the Cochin Teaching Hospital.

What does the study involve?
All participants have their REE measured by a method called indirect calorimetry before they start chemotherapy treatment. This involves by measuring the amount of carbon dioxide a person breathes out or the amount of oxygen they breathe in. For this study, each participant is asked to wear a nose clip and mouthpiece system which is connected to a xygen analyser. The REE is measured after the participants have not eaten for 12 hours (12-hour fasting) and took 15 minutes. Each participant was also assessed for weight loss, how much energy they take in (in the form of food eaten), evidence of body inflammation and malnutrition (by analyzing for certain proteins in the blood) and overall general wellbeing. Overall survival data is also collected.

What are the possible benefits and risks of participating?
Participating in this study has no influence on cancer treatment or care. The data collected are analysed with statistical specific test to explore the impact of resting energy expenditure on cancer malnutrition and survival. A better knowledge of cancer malnutrition could improve both its management and patient’s quality of life.

Where is the study run from?
Cochin Teaching Hospital, Paris (France)

When is the study starting and how long is it expected to run for?
June 2012 to May 2014

Who is funding the study?
Cochin Teaching Hospital, Paris (France)

Who is the main contact?
1. Dr Clara Vazeille
2. Professor François Goldwasser
3. Dr Anne Jouinot

Contact information

Dr Clara Vazeille
Public

Medical Oncology, Cochin Teaching Hospital, AP-HP
Paris Descartes University, 27 rue du Faubourg Saint Jacques
Paris
75014
France

Prof François Goldwasser
Public

Medical Oncology, Cochin Teaching Hospital, AP-HP
Paris Descartes University, 27 rue du Faubourg Saint Jacques
Paris
75014
France

Dr Anne Jouinot
Public

Medical Oncology, Cochin Teaching Hospital, AP-HP
Paris Descartes University, 27 rue du Faubourg Saint Jacques
Paris
75014
France

Study information

Study designProspective observational cross-sectional and longitudinal study
Primary study designObservational
Secondary study designCohort study
Study setting(s)Hospital
Study typeOther
Participant information sheet No participant information sheet available
Scientific titleRelationship between hypermetabolism, cachexia and survival in cancer patients: a prospective study in 390 cancer patients prior to chemotherapy initiation.
Study objectivesHypermetabolism is an important determinant of cancer cachexia and thereby have an influence on overall survival
Ethics approval(s)Cochin institutional review board and local ethics committee, 30/04/2012, ref: CLEC N°041281622.
Health condition(s) or problem(s) studiedHypermetabolism, malnutrition and survival in cancer patients.
InterventionThis study involved the measurement of resting energy expenditure by indirect calorimetry using with nose clip and mouthpiece system connected to an oxygen analyser (Fitmate ®, Cosmed, Brignais, France). The measure was performed after a 12-hour fasting and lasted 15 minutes in a resting patient.

Participants were evaluated before systemic treatment initiation including adjuvant chemotherapy. The following parameters were recorded:
1. Weight loss
2. WHO Performance status (PS)
3. C-reactive protein (CRP)
4. Albumin
5. Nutritional Risk index (NRI) =1.519× albumin +41.7×(current weight/usual weight), daily energy intake (DEI), resting energy expenditure (REE) and energy balance

Median follow-up was 15.5 month.
Intervention typeOther
Primary outcome measureComparison of weight loss in hypermetabolic patients to weight loss in normometabolic patients.

1. Weight loss is calculated as the percentage of weight lost from healthy condition to the date of recruitment: (recruitment weight-healthy weight)*100/healthy weight.
2. Metabolism is determined by measuring the resting energy expenditure (REE) by indirect calorimetry with nose clip and mouthpiece system connected to an oxygen analyser (Fitmate ®, Cosmed, Brignais, France). Measured REE is compared to calculated REE using revised Harris and Benedict equation: Hm is defined as having measured REE ≥110% of calculated REE, Nm 90 to 110% of calculated REE and hypometabolic patients <90%.

All outcome data was measured on the day of indirect calorimetry .
Secondary outcome measuresComparison between hypermetabolic and normometabolic patients for:
1. Patient general well-being and activities of daily life, assessed using the WHO performance status
2. C-reactive protein levels, measured using liquid turbidimetry
3. Albumin levels, measured using nephelemetry
4. Nutritional Risk index (NRI)=1.519× albumin +41.7×(current weight/usual weight), daily energy intake , energy balance (=daily energy intakes-Resting Energy expenditure), fat-free mass and overall survival
5. Energy intake, estimated for each patient by an experienced dietician using the 24-hour recall method
6. Fat free mass, measured by evaluation of skeletal muscle tissue cross-sectional area at the third lumbar vertebra on Computed tomography (when images available). Analyses were made with the ImageJ software v1.42q
7. Overall survival, defined as the time between inclusion and death

All outcome data were collected on the day of indirect calorimetry except overall survival (median follow-up 15.5 month).
Overall study start date01/06/2012
Completion date01/05/2014

Eligibility

Participant type(s)Patient
Age groupAdult
Lower age limit18 Years
SexBoth
Target number of participants400
Total final enrolment390
Key inclusion criteriaCancer outpatients and inpatients over 18 years. Patients were recruited as they benefit from a routinely evaluation before systemic treatment initiation. We included all cancer patients, any stage, evaluated before systemic treatment initiation including adjuvant chemotherapy.
Key exclusion criteria1. Patients who were not able to undergo indirect calorimetry (claustrophobia, oxygen therapy, flat nose bridge)
2. Patients who underwent anti-cancer therapy within the previous 30 days.
Date of first enrolment04/06/2012
Date of final enrolment30/04/2016

Locations

Countries of recruitment

  • France

Study participating centre

Medical Oncology, Cochin Teaching Hospital, AP-HP, Paris Descartes University
27 rue du Faubourg Saint Jacques
Paris
75014
France

Sponsor information

Medical Oncology, Cochin Teaching Hospital, AP-HP, Paris Descartes University
Hospital/treatment centre

27 rue du Faubourg Saint Jacques
Paris
75014
France

Funders

Funder type

Hospital/treatment centre

Cochin Teaching Hospital, Paris (France)

No information available

Results and Publications

Intention to publish date28/09/2017
Individual participant data (IPD) Intention to shareYes
IPD sharing plan summaryAvailable on request
Publication and dissemination planAmerican Journal of Clinical Nutrition (re-submission in process)
IPD sharing plan

Study outputs

Output type Details Date created Date added Peer reviewed? Patient-facing?
Results article results 01/05/2017 27/11/2020 Yes No

Editorial Notes

27/11/2020: Publication reference and total final enrolment number added.