Swedish unaccompanied youth refugee trial
| ISRCTN | ISRCTN47820795 |
|---|---|
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN47820795 |
| Secondary identifying numbers | N/A |
- Submission date
- 13/12/2018
- Registration date
- 20/12/2018
- Last edited
- 17/01/2023
- Recruitment status
- No longer recruiting
- Overall study status
- Completed
- Condition category
- Mental and Behavioural Disorders
Plain English summary of protocol
Background and study aims
In 2015, 162,877 people sought asylum in Sweden, 42% of whom were children and youth. Refugee children, especially unaccompanied refugee minors, have often experienced traumas and are at significant risk of developing mental health problems, such as symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression, that can continue years after resettlement. This study aims to evaluate a community-based intervention for refugee youth experiencing post-traumatic stress symptoms called ‘Teaching Recovery Techniques’.
Who can participate?
Unaccompanied refugee youths who score high on a post-traumatic stress survey, who arrived in Sweden when aged under 18 years and have spent less than 6 years in Sweden.
What does the study involve?
Youths referred for ‘Teaching Recovery Techniques’ who meet the study criteria are randomly allocated to a group that receives the intervention straight away or a group that receives the intervention a little later. Changes in youth mental health and wellbeing are measured using surveys at 8 weeks and 20 weeks after the group allocation.
What are the possible benefits and risks of participating?
The potential benefit to participating youths is improved mental health and wellbeing. A safety protocol to prevent self-harm among participants has been developed. In case of a positive answer on wishing one were dead on a depression survey, an individual assessment is performed using the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale, screener version. The guidelines include clear instructions on who to call and what to do depending on the score. The safety protocol is revised for each site and signed by local senior managers.
Where is the study run from?
The Child Health and Parenting (CHAP) research group at Uppsala University (Sweden)
When is the study starting and how long is it expected to run for?
April 2018 to September 2021
Who is funding the study?
The Kavli Trust
Who is the main contact?
Prof. Anna Sarkadi
anna.sarkadi@pubcare.uu.se
Contact information
Scientific
BMC, Husargatan 3
Uppsala
751 22
Sweden
| Phone | +46 (0)18 471 6572 |
|---|---|
| anna.sarkadi@pubcare.uu.se |
Public
BMC, Husargatan 3
Uppsala
751 22
Sweden
| Phone | +46 (0)18 471 6574 |
|---|---|
| elin.lampa@pubcare.uu.se |
Study information
| Study design | Two-arm randomised waitlist control superiority trial |
|---|---|
| Primary study design | Interventional |
| Secondary study design | Cluster randomised trial |
| Study setting(s) | Community |
| Study type | Treatment |
| Participant information sheet | Not available in web format at time of registration, please use contact details to request a participant information sheet. |
| Scientific title | Evaluation of the Teaching Recovery Techniques community-based intervention for unaccompanied refugee youth experiencing post-traumatic stress symptoms – a randomised controlled study |
| Study acronym | Swedish UnaccomPanied yOuth Refugee Trial (SUPpORT) |
| Study objectives | It is hypothesised that, when compared with youths who have not received the intervention (the waitlist control arm), youths who have received Teaching Recovery Techniques (the intervention arm) will demonstrate fewer self-reported symptoms of mental ill-health, specifically post-traumatic stress, depression and anxiety symptoms. It is further hypothesised that, when compared with the control arm, the intervention arm will report greater self-efficacy and wellbeing. |
| Ethics approval(s) | Regional Ethical Review Board in Uppsala, 28/11/2018, ref: 2018/382 |
| Health condition(s) or problem(s) studied | Post-traumatic stress disorder (symptoms) |
| Intervention | Current intervention as of 04/11/2019: Randomization will use a small-cluster randomization design rather than a single participant randomization design. A new randomization system has been created using sealedenvelope.com. The target cluster size is 6 participants, based on recommended TRT group size. The estimated intraclass correlation coefficient is 0.05. Therefore, the minimum required sample size will be adjusted by a factor of 1.25. The intervention arm will receive the Swedish translation of the Teaching Recovery Techniques (TRT) programme. This group-based cognitive-behavioural programme includes 2 caregiver sessions and 5 youth sessions. Youth sessions focus on psychoeducation, intrusion, arousal and avoidance. Caregiver sessions focus on psychoeducation and are delivered in parallel with the first 2 youth sessions. A ‘getting to know each other session’ will be offered prior to the core TRT sessions and a ‘follow-up session’, which consolidates learning and enables participants to talk about their experience of taking part in the programme, will be offered afterwards. Sessions will be delivered over 7 consecutive weeks. Each session will last 2 hours (including a break). TRT facilitators will receive 3 days of training in programme delivery. The waitlist control arm will receive services as usual, meaning services to which they are entitled and could potentially receive in the absence of the trial. Once the 20-week follow up data has been collected for the intervention arm, the waitlist control arm will be offered TRT. Concomitant care: Parallel individual intervention/therapy for PTSD or psychosocial support is allowed, but the therapist must be informed and recommend participation. A parallel, different, group intervention is not recommended. Previous intervention: Block randomisation of block sizes 4, 6, or 8 will be generated in a computerized randomisation schedule (with 1:1 allocation ratio). The intervention arm will receive the Swedish translation of the Teaching Recovery Techniques (TRT) programme. This group-based cognitive-behavioural programme includes 2 caregiver sessions and 5 youth sessions. Youth sessions focus on psychoeducation, intrusion, arousal and avoidance. Caregiver sessions focus on psychoeducation and are delivered in parallel with the first 2 youth sessions. A ‘getting to know each other session’ will be offered prior to the core TRT sessions and a ‘follow-up session’, which consolidates learning and enables participants to talk about their experience of taking part in the programme, will be offered afterwards. Sessions will be delivered over 7 consecutive weeks. Each session will last 2 hours (including a break). TRT facilitators will receive 3 days of training in programme delivery. The waitlist control arm will receive services as usual, meaning services to which they are entitled and could potentially receive in the absence of the trial. Once the 20-week follow up data has been collected for the intervention arm, the waitlist control arm will be offered TRT. Concomitant care: Parallel individual intervention/therapy for PTSD or psychosocial support is allowed, but the therapist must be informed and recommend participation. A parallel, different, group intervention is not recommended. |
| Intervention type | Behavioural |
| Primary outcome measure | Measured at baseline, 8 and 20 weeks: 1. Post-traumatic stress symptoms, measured using the Children’s Revised Impact of Event Scale (CRIES-8; Perrin, Meiser-Stedman et al. 2005) 2. Depression symptoms, measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9; Kroenke, Spitzer, & Williams, 2001) 3. Anxiety symptoms, measured using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7; Spitzer, Kroenke, Williams, & Löwe, 2006) |
| Secondary outcome measures | Measured at baseline, 8 and 20 weeks: 1. Self-efficacy, measured using the General Self Efficacy Scale (GSE; Schwarzer & Jerusalem, 1995) 2. Wellbeing, measured using the Cantril Ladder (Cantril, 1966; picture from från Sawatzky et al., 1966; modified for use in the present study) |
| Overall study start date | 01/04/2018 |
| Completion date | 30/09/2021 |
Eligibility
| Participant type(s) | Patient |
|---|---|
| Age group | Mixed |
| Sex | Both |
| Target number of participants | 160 |
| Key inclusion criteria | Current inclusion criteria as of 04/11/2019: Participants eligible for the trial must comply with all of the following at randomization: 1. Aged under 18 years at time of arrival in Sweden (self-reported) 2. Lived in Sweden <6 years 3. Arrived in Sweden unaccompanied 4. Screening positive on the CRIES-8 PTSD screening tool (≥17 points) 5. Interest to participate in a group intervention & consent to be randomized 6. Legal guardian consenting to participation if child is aded <15 years Previous inclusion criteria: Participants eligible for the trial must comply with all of the following at randomization: 1. Youth age ≥14 years 2. Time spent in Sweden < 5 years 3. Arrived in Sweden unaccompanied 4. Screening positive on the CRIES-8 PTSD screening tool (≥17 points) 5. Interest to participate in a group intervention & consent to be randomized 6. Legal guardian consenting to participation if child is <15 years |
| Key exclusion criteria | 1. Youth age >20 2. Time spent in Sweden > 5 years 3. Current treatment where therapist advises against intervention 4. Not screening positive on the CRIES-8 PTSD screening tool (≤16 points) 5. No interest to participate in a group intervention 6. Legal guardian not consenting to participation if child is <15 years |
| Date of first enrolment | 01/01/2019 |
| Date of final enrolment | 28/02/2021 |
Locations
Countries of recruitment
- Sweden
Study participating centre
Uppsala
751 22
Sweden
Sponsor information
University/education
Box 256
Uppsala
751 05
Sweden
| Phone | +46 (0)18 471 00 00 |
|---|---|
| contact@uu.se | |
| Website | www.uu.se |
"ROR" |
https://ror.org/048a87296 |
Funders
Funder type
Charity
No information available
Results and Publications
| Intention to publish date | 31/12/2021 |
|---|---|
| Individual participant data (IPD) Intention to share | Yes |
| IPD sharing plan summary | Available on request |
| Publication and dissemination plan | Current publication and dissemination plan as of 17/01/2023: Trial protocol published. Internal pilot results published (see date below). No intention to publish results as recruitment target was not met due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Previous publication and dissemination plan: Trial protocol and results to be published. |
| IPD sharing plan | The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are/will be available upon request from Prof. Anna Sarkadi (anna.sarkadi@pubcare.uu.se). |
Study outputs
| Output type | Details | Date created | Date added | Peer reviewed? | Patient-facing? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Protocol article | protocol | 10/01/2020 | 13/01/2020 | Yes | No |
| Results article | Feasibility study | 14/02/2022 | 17/01/2023 | Yes | No |
Editorial Notes
17/01/2023: The following changes were made to the trial record:
1. The publication and dissemination plan was updated.
2. Publication reference added.
17/03/2020: The following changes were made to the trial record:
1. The recruitment end date was changed from 28/02/2020 to 28/02/2021.
2. The overall trial end date was changed from 30/09/2020 to 30/09/2021.
3. The intention to publish date was changed from 31/03/2021 to 31/12/2021.
13/01/2020: Publication reference added.
04/11/2019: The following changes have been made:
1. The participant inclusion criteria have been changed.
2. The intervention field has been changed to reflect a change in randomization technique.
3. The secondary study design has been changed from "Randomised controlled trial" to "Cluster randomised trial".
4. The total target enrolment has been changed from 218 to 160.
5. The plain English summary has been updated to reflect the change in inclusion criteria.
