Evaluation of a community-based management of acute malnutrition program in urban informal settlements, Mumbai
| ISRCTN | ISRCTN62834195 |
|---|---|
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN62834195 |
- Submission date
- 13/02/2017
- Registration date
- 16/02/2017
- Last edited
- 03/09/2019
- Recruitment status
- No longer recruiting
- Overall study status
- Completed
- Condition category
- Nutritional, Metabolic, Endocrine
Plain English summary of protocol
Background and study aims
Globally, India suffers from the greatest burden of malnourished children. Supplementing centralized inpatient models of care with community-based models can allow for a greater number of vulnerable children to be treated for acute malnutrition cost-effectively. Children living in urban informal settlements experience similarly high levels of acute malnutrition as rural children. SNEHA (Society for Nutrition, Education and Health Action), a Mumbai-based non-profit organization, aims to implement a Community-based Management of Acute Malnutrition (CMAM) program, in partnership with the Government of India (GOI) Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) scheme. The aim is to reduce the prevalence of acute malnutrition among children under age three living in informal settlements of Mumbai, India.
Who can participate?
Children under the age of three living in informal settlements and residing in the ICDS program service areas
What does the study involve?
In the intervention areas, a minimum of 10,000 children are expected to participate in the CMAM activities with about 2,000-3,500 children and their caregivers completing surveys at the start and the end of the study. The CMAM activities include screening for acute malnutrition, growth monitoring, home-based counselling, medical screenings, vaccination updates, and referrals to public health facilities such as a municipal nutrition rehabilitation center. In the comparison areas the children receive routine ICDS services, and about 2000 children complete surveys at the start and the end of the study.
What are the possible benefits and risks of participating?
Participants in the intervention areas receive the benefit of being screened and monitored on their nutritional status. Caregivers of malnourished children receive additional benefits of home-based counselling and medical screenings. Some children experiencing malnutrition receive ready-to-use therapeutic foods; there may be some side effects such as diarrhoea which will be monitored by the SNEHA doctors.
Where is the study run from?
Society for Nutrition, Education and Health Action (SNEHA) (India)
When is the study starting and how long is it expected to run for?
November 2011 to March 2017
Who is funding the study?
1. Forbes Marshall Foundation
2. EPIC Foundation
Who is the main contact?
Dr Anuja Jayaraman
Contact information
Public
Behind Building no. 11
BMC Colony
Shastri Nagar
Linking Road Extension
Santa Cruz West
Mumbai
400054
India
 ORCID ID |
0000-0002-7269-2099 |
|---|
Study information
| Study design | Interventional non-randomised study |
|---|---|
| Primary study design | Interventional |
| Secondary study design | Non randomised study |
| Study setting(s) | Community |
| Study type | Other |
| Participant information sheet | No participant information sheet available |
| Scientific title | In urban informal settlements, can a Community-based Management of Acute Malnutrition (CMAM) approach, integrated with public health systems, reduce prevalence of acute malnutrition rates among children under the age of three? |
| Study objectives | The main goal of the intervention, in partnership with the Government of India program Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS), is to reduce acute malnutrition for children under three years of age. The study will utilize monitoring and periodic cluster-based to surveys to assess whether there has been a reduction in acute malnutrition in intervention communities for children under the age of three. |
| Ethics approval(s) | The Bandra Holy Family Medical Research Society, 21/09/2015, ref: ECR/196/INST/MH/2013 |
| Health condition(s) or problem(s) studied | Acute malnutrition |
| Intervention | The intervention area includes informal settlements in Mumbai covered by the Government of India (GOI) Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS). The NGO, SNEHA will coordinate integration of a Community-based Monitoring of Acute malnutrition (CMAM) approach in conjunction with ongoing ICDS services, focusing on children under the age of three. The additional activities in intervention areas include screening for acute malnutrition, growth monitoring, home-based counselling, medical screenings, vaccination updates, referrals to public health facilities such as a municipal nutrition rehabilitation center. Screening is an ongoing process of case finding and enrollment of all children under three years of age and pregnant women into the CMAM program. The comparison area is a quasi-control area that has not been randomly allocated. The comparison area will include informal settlements in another part of Mumbai where the NGO does not provide any additional services to community, but ICDS services are being delivered. Participants for the study are selected randomly (cross-sectional cluster-based random samples) from the comparison areas. Intervention Areas: Pilot Phase One Areas: (population ~ 90,000) ran a full intervention from February 2012 through February 2014 and a limited intervention from March 2014 to March 2016. Follow up evaluations conducted in February 2014 and October 2015. Pilot Phase Two Areas: (population ~60,000) ran a full intervention from February 2013 through December 2014 and a limited intervention from January 2015 to March 2016. Follow up evaluations conducted in December 2014 and October 2015. Scale-Out Phases: (population~150,000). Baseline survey conducted from March-July 2014. Full intervention conducted until November-December 2015. Endline survey conducted November-December 2015. Limited intervention conducted from January-March 2016. Comparison Areas: Baseline survey conducted September - November 2014. No additional intervention and endline conducted October-December 2015. |
| Intervention type | Other |
| Primary outcome measure | Acute malnutrition: For full intervention: Monthly growth monitoring of anthropometry will be conducted by intervention staff. Gender, weight in kilograms, and height in centimetres will be collected to measure acute malnutrition status based on WHO 2006 WHZ scores. For evaluation surveys at baseline, follow-up and endline, anthropometry will be conducted by investigators. Gender, weight in kilograms, and height in centimetres will be collected to measure acute malnutrition status based on WHO 2006 WHZ scores. Equipment used for both intervention and evaluation anthropometry include: Bubble levels (manufactured by Freemans Measures Pvt. Ltd.) to verify flat weighing locations. Children under two years of age lay or sit on an electronic baby weighing scale (manufactured by Nitiraj Engineers Pvt. Ltd.) and their lengths are measured on an infantometer (manufactured by Meditrin Instruments Pvt. Ltd.). Children over two years of age are weighed on an adult mechanical weighing scale and their heights are taken using carpenter measuring tapes. All measurements are taken by pairs of investigators. |
| Secondary outcome measures | Uptake of ICDS services by children under the age of three, assessed during the cluster-based cross-sectional evaluation surveys by asking the sampled caregiver whether her youngest child (under age 3) received services from ICDS in the previous month with further probing on what services were received. Measured at baseline, follow-up and endline. |
| Overall study start date | 01/11/2011 |
| Completion date | 31/03/2017 |
Eligibility
| Participant type(s) | All |
|---|---|
| Age group | Child |
| Upper age limit | 3 Years |
| Sex | Both |
| Target number of participants | A minimum of 10,000 children in the study intervention areas. Samples for cluster-based surveys will range from 2000-3500 children sampled per survey. |
| Key inclusion criteria | 1. Boys and girls 2. Under the age of three years 3. Living in the service areas of ICDS |
| Key exclusion criteria | Does not meet inclusion criteria |
| Date of first enrolment | 01/02/2012 |
| Date of final enrolment | 31/03/2016 |
Locations
Countries of recruitment
- India
Study participating centre
BMC Colony
Shastri Nagar
Linking Road Extension
Santa Cruz West
Mumbai
400054
India
Sponsor information
Charity
Behind Building no. 11
BMC Colony
Shastri Nagar
Linking Road Extension
Mumbai
400054
India
| Website | http://www.snehamumbai.org/ |
|---|---|
"ROR" |
https://ror.org/014jj9v53 |
Funders
Funder type
Charity
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Private sector organisation / Other non-profit organizations
- Location
- United Kingdom
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Results and Publications
| Intention to publish date | 01/03/2018 |
|---|---|
| Individual participant data (IPD) Intention to share | Yes |
| IPD sharing plan summary | Available on request |
| Publication and dissemination plan | Dissemination of results included a consultation and sharing of results with participation from government and non-government senior officials. This took place on 16/01/017. This is a news article highlighting the event: http://www.asianage.com/metros/mumbai/170117/wasting-in-mumbai-slums-drops-down-to-12-per-cent-survey.html Further plans include publication in a high-impact peer reviewed journal with intent to publish date by approximately March 2018 Link to 2016 ICUH abstract presentation: http://icuh2016.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/ICUH-Abstract-Booklet.pdf (on page 52) Title: "Reduction in Malnutrition through Implementation in Partnership with I.C.D.S" International Conference in Urban Health, Dhaka 2015, “Use of Mobile Technology for Improving Screening of Malnutrition in a Community-based Management of Acute Malnutrition Program in Mumbai Slums.” IFPRI Together for Nutrition Conference, Delhi 2014, “Implementation of Community-based Management of Acute Malnutrition Program in an Urban Setting.” |
| IPD sharing plan | The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are/will be available upon request from Dr Anuja Jayaraman |
Study outputs
| Output type | Details | Date created | Date added | Peer reviewed? | Patient-facing? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Results article | results | 30/03/2018 | Yes | No | |
| Results article | results | 05/04/2018 | Yes | No | |
| Basic results | 07/04/2018 | 14/05/2018 | No | No | |
| Results article | results | 01/01/2019 | 03/09/2019 | Yes | No |
Additional files
- ISRCTN62834195_BasicResults_7April2018.pdf
- Uploaded 14/05/2018
Editorial Notes
03/09/2019: Publication reference added.
14/05/2018: Publication references added. The basic results of this trial have been uploaded as an additional file.
