Contact information
Type
Scientific
Primary contact
Dr Charmaine Lok
ORCID ID
Contact details
Toronto General Hospital
200 Elizabeth Street
8NU-Room 844
Toronto
M5G 2C4
Canada
+1 416 340 4140
charmaine.lok@uhn.on.ca
Additional identifiers
EudraCT number
ClinicalTrials.gov number
Protocol/serial number
N/A
Study information
Scientific title
Best Extremity Survival Times And Concurrent Complications: an Examination of Secondary access Study - pilot trial
Acronym
BEST ACCESS Pilot Study
Study hypothesis
Chronic kidney disease has become an epidemic with rapidly increasing numbers of people worldwide reaching end stage renal disease when survival becomes dependent on renal replacement therapy. In North America, there are over 450,000 people requiring dialysis, 80 - 90% of whom undergo haemodialysis (HD). Once on HD, a reliable conduit between the patient's blood circulation and the dialysis machine is required via a vascular access (VA). The vascular accesses have limited longevity, and patients often require multiple accesses during their lifetime on dialysis, averaging 2.77 accesses per patient.
Currently, all national HD guidelines recommend the initial creation of an arteriovenous fistula (AVF), at the most distal site possible, (e.g. radiocephalic or forearm site) in order to preserve more proximal sites for later VA creation when the original forearm access eventually fails. However, the optimal secondary HD vascular access following the initial failed forearm access is unknown, yet is critical in order to continue receiving life-sustaining haemodialysis therapy. A trial is needed to help define the balance between access complications, interventions to manage them and related patient morbidities in order to determine the "next best access".
This current protocol is a pilot study for a larger study of the same design.
As of 12/03/2010 this record was updated to include further details on the Canadian Institutes of Health Research funded pilot study (an extension of the pilot study registered here). All details can be found under the relevant fields with the above update date. Please note that due to this extension, the anticipated end date of this trial has been extended; the initial anticipated end date of this trial was 01/08/2010. At this time, the target number of participants was also increased from 38 to 50 participants.
Ethics approval
University Health Network Research Ethics Board approved on the 24th July 2008 (ref: 08-0569-BE)
Study design
Multicentre single-blinded randomised controlled pilot trial
Primary study design
Interventional
Secondary study design
Randomised controlled trial
Trial setting
Hospitals
Trial type
Treatment
Patient information sheet
Not available in web format, please use the contact details below to request a patient information sheet
Condition
End stage renal disease (ESRD), haemodialysis
Intervention
For this study the trial intervention will be the surgical creation, by a qualified participating surgeon, and guideline recommended follow-up management of either an AVF or AV-graft in the upper arm of eligible patients. The duration of the surgery for these procedures can vary case by case, therefore there is no set duration of the treatment. The total duration of follow-up is 18 months.
Added as of 12/03/2010:
Patient questionnaires are to be completed at 3 months and 12 months during the study.
Subjects will be stratified to:
1. Surgeon
2. Reason for first access loss
3. FTM score
The changes have been made to the stratification variables due to limited resources available for vessel mapping on ALL subjects. There would be a potential for delayed patient care if it were necessary to wait for vessel mapping results prior to the randomisation process and access creation.
Intervention type
Other
Phase
Not Applicable
Drug names
Primary outcome measures
Current information as of 01/07/2010:
The complication-free vascular access days over 18 months from the date of access creation in patients who receive an upper arm VA after a failed forearm access (fistula).
A complication includes any of the following
1. VA related:
1.1. Serious event (thrombosis, radiological or surgical intervention to facilitate or maintain patency, infection/sepsis, mortality (e.g. AVF rupture and exsanguinations)
1.2. VA related bleeding
1.3. VA-related hospitalisation
2. Non-VA related:
2.1. Death from any cause
2.2. Cardiac event
2.3. Cerebrovascular event
2.4. Congestive heart failure
Previous information (prior to 01/07/2010):
The time to first serious vascular event in patients who receive an upper arm arteriovenous fistula compared with an upper arm AV-graft, after a failed forearm access.
Primary and secondary endpoints will be measured on an ongoing basis during the 18 month follow-up phase. Visits to assess for these endpoints will be conducted on a weekly basis. An analysis of all documented endpoints will occur following the 18 month follow-up phase.
Added as of 12/03/2010:
While the true VA cumulative patency would be ideal, it is not feasible as many accesses can remain patent for greater than 5 years. This would place a burden on resources and limit the ability to conduct other clinical studies in the HD population. Therefore, the primary outcome was changed in the CIHR-funded trial to:
The complication-free vascular access days over 18 months from the date of access creation in patients who receive an upper arm VA after a failed forearm access (fistula).
A complication includes any of the following
1. VA related:
1.1. Serious event (thrombosis, radiological or surgical intervention to facilitate or maintain patency, infection/sepsis, mortality (e.g. AVF rupture and exsanguinations)
1.2. VA related bleeding
1.3. VA-related hospitalisation
2. Non-VA related:
2.1. Death from any cause
2.2. Cardiac event
2.3. Cerebrovascular event
2.4. Congestive heart failure
Secondary outcome measures
1. Primary patency rates
2. The rates and proportion of interventions required to maintain patency. Rates will be expressed as number of radiological and surgical interventions per access, per access-year, per 1000 access days. This variety will allow comparison of results in the literature.
3. Complication rates:
3.1. Catheter use, its duration (CVC days), and associated complications (such as bleeding, sepsis, hospitalisations)
3.2. Complications directly related to access e.g. infections, central stenosis
3.3. All cause mortality
3.4. Direct VA-related mortality
4. The time to:
4.1. First thrombosis, and
4.2. First radiological or surgical intervention
5. The incidence of primary failure
6. Maximal study cumulative patency: a subset of patients will be followed beyond 18 months until the study has been completed by the last enrolled patient
Primary and secondary endpoints will be measured on an ongoing basis during the 18 month follow-up phase. Visits to assess for these endpoints will be conducted on a weekly basis. An analysis of all documented endpoints will occur following the 18 month follow-up phase.
Overall trial start date
01/08/2008
Overall trial end date
01/08/2011
Reason abandoned
Eligibility
Participant inclusion criteria
1. Patients requiring chronic HD who have already failed a forearm permanent access (AVF or AV-graft) or who require another permanent VA for HD
2. Considered suitable for an upper arm AVF
3. Aged greater than 18 years old, either sex
4. Presence of irreversible chronic renal failure requiring haemodialyisis
5. Three times weekly dialysis
6. Must have vessels deemed suitable for creation of an AVF according to the surgeon and must include at least two of the following features:
6.1. Visible length of at least 4 - 6 cm on physical exam, dependent on patient size (with or without augmentation)
6.2. Palpable length of at least 4 - 6 cm on physical exam, dependent on patient size (with or without augmentation)
7. Straight vessel segment
Added as of 12/03/2010:
The eligibility criteria of the CIHR-funded pilot study includes the following:
8. Inclusion of subjects whose forearm is not a viable site for a first access creation therefore the "first" access is an upper arm access meaning the non-viable forearm site would be considered a "failed" access site for the purposes of the study
9. Inclusion of subjects who are eligible and meet the inclusion/exclusion criteria but refuse the randomisation process of the study
10. Inclusion of subjects that are deemed eligible for study participation by the attending nephrologists or investigator and meet all inclusion/exclusion criteria as per the protocol however the surgeon refuses patient randomisation
11. Inclusion of subjects who are deemed eligible by the attending nephrologists or investigator and surgeon but decline having any access created and continue to use a catheter for haemodialysis treatment
*note that subjects enrolled into the study who meet the eligibility criteria #9 through #12 will be followed as "non-randomised" study subjects
Participant type
Patient
Age group
Adult
Gender
Both
Target number of participants
50
Participant exclusion criteria
1. Acute renal failure, likely to be reversible with recovery of renal function
2. Involvement in another interventional access study
3. Expected life expectancy less than six months (e.g. due to active malignancy; serious comorbidity such as hepatic failure)
4. Patients who have not yet initiated dialysis
5. Allergies to contrast
Added as of 12/03/2010:
The eligibility criteria of the CIHR-funded pilot study includes the following:
6. Exclusion of patients receiving more than 4 times per week haemodialysis treatment
Recruitment start date
01/08/2008
Recruitment end date
01/08/2011
Locations
Countries of recruitment
Canada
Trial participating centre
Toronto General Hospital
Toronto
M5G 2C4
Canada
Sponsor information
Organisation
Toronto General Hospital Research Institute (Canada)
Sponsor details
c/o Dr Charmaine Lok
University Health Network
Toronto General Hospital
200 Elizabeth Street
8NU- Room 844
Toronto
M5G 2C4
Canada
Sponsor type
Hospital/treatment centre
Website
Funders
Funder type
Hospital/treatment centre
Funder name
University Health Network - Toronto General Hospital (Canada) - Internally funded by lead principal investigator
Alternative name(s)
Funding Body Type
Funding Body Subtype
Location
Funder name
Added 12/03/2010:
Alternative name(s)
Funding Body Type
Funding Body Subtype
Location
Funder name
Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) (Canada) - http://www.cihr-irsc.gc.ca (ref: MCT-98663)
Alternative name(s)
Funding Body Type
Funding Body Subtype
Location
Results and Publications
Publication and dissemination plan
Not provided at time of registration
Intention to publish date
Participant level data
Not provided at time of registration
Results - basic reporting
Publication summary