Plain English Summary
Background and study aims
Radical prostatectomy (RP) is the most common treatment for prostate cancer in North America. It is an operation where the prostate gland is removed in order to remove the cancer. About 1% of all men undergoing RP develop complete urinary incontinence. Another 6 to 30% of patients are left with mild to moderate urinary incontinence requiring lifestyle changes, protective garments, external devices or corrective surgery. Unfortunately, many devices require surgical implantation and have a significant failure rate (30-50%). There are non-surgical solutions available but poor outcomes and associated pain have resulted in low patient acceptance. A nonsurgical, comfortable urinary occlusion device is attractive to patients who do not wish to undergo surgical correction or uncomfortable clamping. A simple urethral plug, developed by a prostate cancer survivor and worn for 9+ years without incident, is the basis for this study. This is a first-in-human study to assess the safety, effectiveness, comfort and usability of the prototype Comfort Plug™ for controlling urinary incontinence in men.
Who can participate?
Men aged 18 and over with urinary incontinence
What does the study involve?
Participants are fitted with the Comfort Plug™ on Day 0 and receive training from the investigator on how to self-insert, clean and remove the plug. Participants self-insert and remove and clean the Comfort Plug™ each time urination is necessary. The plug is not used overnight. Participants use the device from Day 0 to Day 30. Days 0 to 14 are considered a familiarization period where the participants get accustomed to using the device. Days 14 to 30 are considered the assessment period. Participants complete a pad use diary over 24 hours before the clinic visits on Day 0, Day 14 and Day 30. Participants also complete a daily diary on days 7 to 30 to document the times when the Comfort Plug™ is inserted and removed, times of voiding and issues related to leakage if any. Leakage of urine is also assessed by measuring incontinence pad weight throughout the duration of the study. Participants wear their pads for 24 hours before each clinic visit (Day 0, 14 and 30) and return the pads at the visit. Participants are evaluated for safety and ability to use the device at Days 1, 3 and 7 with a follow-up conducted by telephone. On Days 14 and 30 participants have a follow-up visit at the clinic. A final safety telephone follow-up is conducted at Day 56.
What are the possible benefits and risks of participating?
The device may be effective for treating urinary incontinence and may be free of side effects. The most common side effects that may occur include: haemorrhage (bleeding), pressure ulcer (tissue injury), urethral puncture (hole in urethra), infection, septicaemia (blood infection), coloured discharge, fever, burning, urethral pain, pain in your side, lower abdominal pain, severe irritation, confusion or disorientation. An allergic reaction is possible. This can be mild, with a rash or itching; to life-threatening, with severe rash, trouble breathing or swallowing. The risks of stretching the opening to your penis include pain, bleeding, infection, tearing or scarring. Blood collection also has minimal risks which include dizziness, pain or bruising at the site where the needle was inserted. The total amount of blood to be drawn for study purposes is about 20 mL (about 4 teaspoons) over 13 weeks.
Where is the study run from?
Life360 Innovations Inc. (Canada)
When is the study starting and how long is it expected to run for?
January 2014 to December 2018
Who is funding the study?
Life360 Innovations Inc. (Canada)
Who is the main contact?
Robert Orr
rorr@life360innovations.com
Trial website
Contact information
Type
Public
Primary contact
Mr Robert Orr
ORCID ID
Contact details
Life360 Innovations Inc.
Suite 1200
555 West Hastings Street
Vancouver
V6J 5E7
Canada
+1 (0)604 653 0360
rorr@life360innovations.com
Additional identifiers
EudraCT number
ClinicalTrials.gov number
Protocol/serial number
CMX Study Number: CMX-UR-2013-004 No. 1 to No. 4
Study information
Scientific title
Validation study: a prospective, non-randomized, single-arm trial to assess the efficacy of the Comfort Plug in preventing urinary incontinence in male subjects with sphincteric incompetence
Acronym
Study hypothesis
The main objective of this study is to establish the safety and effectiveness of the Comfort Plug™, where safety is characterized by the absence of complications and effectiveness is characterized by the ability to stop involuntary urine flow.
Ethics approval
Institutional Review Board Services (IRB Services), 19/11/2013, ref: CMX-UR-2013-004
Study design
Multicenter single-arm prospective non-randomized single-arm trial
Primary study design
Interventional
Secondary study design
Non randomised study
Trial setting
Home
Trial type
Treatment
Patient information sheet
Not available in web format, please use the contact details to request a patient information sheet
Condition
Sphincteric incompetence in adult males
Intervention
Only incontinent men with sphincteric incompetence, including those who have undergone radical prostatectomy, will be screened. All subjects who meet entry criteria will receive Comfort Plug™ instructions and treatment. Any patient who inserts a Comfort Plug™ will be considered enrolled into the trial. As this is a proof of concept study with a new device, a review will be performed after the study completion of every 5 enrolled subjects. Design modifications to the Comfort Plug™ may be made during the study if further improvements are indicated (e.g. safety) prior to proceeding to the next cohort.
The Comfort Plug™ will be placed into the urethra. The subject will receive training from the investigator on Day 0 on the proper techniques for insertion and removal. Subjects will self-insert and will remove and clean the Comfort Plug™ each time urination is necessary. The plug will not be used overnight. Subjects will be required to use the device from Day 0 to Day 30. Days 0 to 14 will be considered a familiarization period where the subjects can get accustomed to the use of the device. Days 0 to 6 will involve a week of the subjects becoming accustomed to the use of the Comfort Plug™ and practicing inserting and removing it. Days 7 to 13 will involve a week of the subjects wearing the device. Days 14 to 30 will be considered the assessment period with the majority of subject data being collected during this time. Subjects will complete a Pad Use diary over 24 hours prior to the clinic visits on Day 0, Day 14 and Day 30. Subjects will also complete a daily diary on days 7 to 30 to document the times when the Comfort Plug™ is inserted and removed, times of voiding and issues related to leakage if any. Subjects will be evaluated for safety and ability to use the device at Days 1, 3 and 7 (±1 day) via a follow-up conducted by telephone. On Days 14 and 30 (± 2 days) subjects will have a follow-up visit at the clinic. A final safety telephone follow-up will be conducted at Day 56 (± 4 days).
Up to 30 subjects will be enrolled; five subjects per cohort. All data from each cohort of 5 subjects will be reviewed and a decision will be made to either continue enrollment with the current prototype iteration or make changes prior to continuing. If a newly designed prototype is introduced, data for the first 5 subjects enrolled in the next cohort will be reviewed prior to continuing enrollment. Safety will be assessed throughout the study prior to proceeding with further cohorts.
The Sponsor may choose to stop the study early if study data indicates that the current iteration meets the Sponsor’s performance criteria and moving into a larger controlled trial is warranted. However, enrolled subjects will be allowed to complete the study.
Study Variables
Device Performance
1. Effectiveness as measured by incontinence pad weight and ICIQ-SF score
2. Comfort assessed by the Follow-up Questionnaire
3. Usability assessed by the Follow-up Questionnaire
4. Quality of Life assessed by the Incontinence Quality of Life (I-QOL) Instrument
Safety Review
1. Adverse events
2. Assessment of AEs leading to the discontinuation of the study device
3. Clinical and laboratory data including physical examinations and vital signs
4. Use of concomitant medications
Study Procedures and Assessments
Device Performance
Subjects will be required to remove and then re-insert the Comfort Plug™ each time they urinate during waking hours. Effectiveness, comfort and usability of the Comfort Plug™ will be determined by subject responses to the Follow-up Questionnaire.
Effectiveness
Leakage of Urine will be assessed by measuring incontinence pad weight throughout the duration of the study. Subjects will wear their pads 24 hours prior to each clinic visit (Day 0, 14 and 30) and return the pads at the respective clinic visit. Clinic staff will pre-weigh the pads before providing them to the subjects and will weigh them once returned to the clinic. Leakage experienced by the subjects will also be rated using the ICIQ-SF. Pads used during daytime and during the night should be weighed separately.
Comfort
Subjects will provide feedback on the comfort of using the Comfort Plug™ on the Follow-up Questionnaire.
Usability
Subjects will provide feedback on the level of ease inserting and removing the Comfort Plug™ on the Follow-up Questionnaire. Overall, usability will be assessed by the number of subjects that would continue if they had the opportunity when the study completed.
Safety
Adverse Events will be collected at each telephone contact and visit to the clinical facility. A physical examination, including vital sign measurements, will be performed at Visit Day 0 and Visit Day 30. Clinical safety laboratory assessments will be measured at the screening visit and Visit Day 30.
Sample Size and Statistical Analyses
No assessment for statistical significance has been performed or is planned. The sample size of 30 is based on clinical judgment and is believed to be sufficient to meet the objectives of this study. Relevant study variables will be summarized descriptively.
Intervention type
Device
Phase
Drug names
Primary outcome measure
1. Effectiveness as measured with the ICIQ-SF score at baseline (Visit Day 0) and Visit Days 7 and 30 (cohort 1) or Visit Days 14 and 30 (subsequent cohorts)
2. Effectiveness as measured by incontinence pad weight at baseline (Visit Day 0) and at Visit Days 7 and 30 (cohort 1) or Visit Days 14 and 30 (subsequent cohorts)
3. Adverse events collected at each telephone contact and visit to the clinical facility
4. Clinical and laboratory data including physical examinations and vital signs at at Visit Day 0 and Visit Day 30
Secondary outcome measures
1. Quality of life assessed by the Incontinence Quality of Life (I-QOL) Instrument at baseline and Visit Days 7 and 30 (cohort 1) or Visit Days 14 and 30 (subsequent cohorts) for:
1.1. Avoidance and Limiting Behaviour
1.2. Psychosocial Impacts
1.3. Social Embarrassment
2. Number of subjects who discontinue use of the Comfort Plug™ due to lack of comfort
3. Number of subjects that would continue using the Comfort Plug™ if given the opportunity, assessed using the Follow-up Questionnaire
4. Level of ease of use inserting the Comfort Plug™, assessed using the Follow-up Questionnaire
5. Level of ease of use removing the Comfort Plug™, assessed using the Follow-up Questionnaire
6. Level of satisfaction with the Comfort Plug™, assessed using the Follow-up Questionnaire
7. Number of subjects with newly observed urinary function improvements, including (but not limited to): being able to urinate independently for the first time since prostate surgery, return of urge to void and sensation of full bladder, better urinary stream, reduced time urinating, assessed using the Follow-up Questionnaire
The subjects complete the activity of the trial at day 30 and there is a close out period of the study that takes place over the next 30 days (Follow-up Questionnaire, blood work, health examination by the doc., return of materials, etc.). At day 56 +/- 3 days a study nurse contacts the subject to confirm that everything is completed and the subject is still in good health.
Overall trial start date
20/01/2014
Overall trial end date
31/05/2018
Reason abandoned (if study stopped)
Eligibility
Participant inclusion criteria
1. Male 18 years of age or older
2. Evidence of sphincteric incompetence as assessed by the Investigator
3. Cystoscopic evaluation of the lower urinary tract within 24 months of screening
4. ECOG 0 or 1 performance status
5. Evidence of moderate to severe urinary incontinence, as assessed by the Investigator, requiring protective garments or pads
6. Post surgical PSA < 5 ng/ml
Participant type
Patient
Age group
Adult
Gender
Male
Target number of participants
Up to 30 subjects who complete the study will be assessed in cohorts of 5
Participant exclusion criteria
1. Inability to insert the Comfort Plug™ into his own urethra and remove it
2. Less than 6 months post radical prostatectomy for localized prostate cancer
3. History of significant incontinence prior to radical prostatectomy
4. Evidence of neurogenic bladder dysfunction resulting in uncontrolled contractions
5. Untreated urethral stricture disease
6. History of meatal stenosis or phimosis
7. Use of anticoagulant or antiplatelet medications excluding low-dose ASA
8. Any cardiac condition that requires the use of pre-procedure antibiotic prophylaxis such as a mechanic valve
9. Body Mass Index (BMI) greater than 32 kg/m2
10. Known immune deficiency either due to disease or medications
11. Uncontrolled diabetes (in the opinion of the Investigator)
Recruitment start date
20/01/2014
Recruitment end date
31/01/2018
Locations
Countries of recruitment
Canada
Trial participating centre
Dr Richard Casey
The Fe/Male Health Centres
Suite 407, 1235 Trafalgar Road North
Oakville
L6H 3P1
Canada
Trial participating centre
Dr Thomas Kinahan
Southern Interior Medical Research Inc.
Suite 302, 3320 Richter Street
Kelowna
V1W 4V5
Canada
Trial participating centre
Dr Allan Abramovitch
Suite 306, 4040 Finch Ave. East
Scarborough
M1S 4V5
Canada
Trial participating centre
Dr Jonathan Giddens
Bramalea Medical Centre
Suite 101, 18 Kensington Road
Brampton
L6T 4S5
Canada
Trial participating centre
Dr Dean Elterman
University Urology Associates
123 Edward Street, Suite 1401
Toronto
M5G 1E2
Canada
Sponsor information
Organisation
Life360 Innovations Inc.
Sponsor details
Suite 1200
555 West Hastings Street
Vancouver
V6B 4N6
Canada
+1 (0)604 653 0360
rorr@life360innovations.com
Sponsor type
Industry
Website
Funders
Funder type
Industry
Funder name
Life360 Innovations Inc.
Alternative name(s)
Funding Body Type
Funding Body Subtype
Location
Results and Publications
Publication and dissemination plan
The protocol is under copyright with the CRO, and the trialists plan to publish when the results are available. The trialists are still working out the publications plan, however, at a minimum they will publish on their website: www.life360innovations.com and either the PI or one of our site lead urologists will attend and present at various Canadian and International urology conferences. They also plan to publish in a high-impact peer reviewed journal within a year or so of completion.
IPD sharing statement
The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are not expected to be made available as general sharing was not contemplated when the informed consent was put together in late 2013. The trialists are able to share de-identified raw data for regulatory purposes only.
Intention to publish date
01/06/2019
Participant level data
Not expected to be available
Basic results (scientific)
Publication list
2020 conference abstract in https://doi.org/10.5489/cuaj.6732 (page S59, UP-2.6) (added 12/06/2020)