Effects of nut products on lipid metabolism in obese children
| ISRCTN | ISRCTN83070378 |
|---|---|
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN83070378 |
| Secondary identifying numbers | 1 |
- Submission date
- 24/01/2019
- Registration date
- 12/02/2019
- Last edited
- 18/12/2024
- Recruitment status
- No longer recruiting
- Overall study status
- Completed
- Condition category
- Nutritional, Metabolic, Endocrine
Plain English summary of protocol
Background and study aims
Obesity is a complex metabolic disease with many origins and with serious consequences for health. The rate of obesity in Spain has increased by 9% in children and young people and by 4% in adults in the last 15 years. This increase has also been observed in the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country. Although there are studies about of obesity, there is still a growing overweight and obese population in the world. It is known that diet and lifestyle are the main causes of the disease but the effect of food is not easy to measure. The excess of fat accumulated in adipose tissue leads to reduced life expectancy. Results from studies in adults have provided evidence of the beneficial effects of tree nut consumption on metabolic risk factors, obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS), independent of demographic, lifestyle and other dietary factors. Nut products can also provide fatty acids and can therefore contribute to cell membranes. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of a diet supplemented with a combination of fatty acids from a mixture of tree nuts (walnut, Brazil nut, pecan and macadamia nuts) on obese and overweight children.
Who can participate?
Children aged 6 to 14 from the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country who are overweight or obese
What does the study involve?
Participants are randomly allocated to one of three treatment groups. In the first treatment group (control group) the children follow a traditional diet with scheduled physical activity, in the second group (nut group) the children receive a diet supplemented with a mix of tree nuts (30 g/day) and, finally, in the third group (nutraceutical group) children receive a diet with fatty acids supplements. The doctor decide the doses according to the child's requirements in the first visit to the center. Patients from all intervention groups receive dietary and physical activity recommendations. Children are studied for 6 months, and they go to the pediatrician three times (at the start of the study, at 3 months and at 6 months . Samples of blood and saliva are collected for testing. Clinical, body measurement and blood pressure data are also collected, and the participants answer some questionnaires about medical history, physical activity, eating habits, preferences and satiety.
What are the possible benefits and risks of participating?
Participants will not receive personal benefit from participating in this study. The data collected in it may lead to a greater knowledge of the disease or condition under study. Children will receive all the medical care that they may need. They will not be affected.
Where is the study run from?
OSI (Organización Sanitaria Integrada) Eskerraldea-Enkarterri-Cruces in Barakaldo (Bizkaia-Spain) and OSI-Uribe in Getxo (Bizkaia-Spain)
When is the study starting and how long is it expected to run for?
September 2017 to December 2021 (updated 15/06/2021, previously: June 2021 (updated 13/07/2020, previously: June 2020))
Who is funding the study?
International Nut and Dried Fruit Council (Spain)
Who is the main contact?
Dr Itziar Tueros
Contact information
Public
Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea 609
Derio-Basque Country
48160
Spain
 ORCID ID |
0000-0002-7609-5435 |
|---|
Public
Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea 609
Derio-Basque Country
48160
Spain
Scientific
Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea 609
Derio-Basque Country
48160
Spain
| ORCID ID |
0000-0002-7609-5435 |
|---|
Scientific
Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea 609
Derio-Basque Country
48160
Spain
Study information
| Study design | Prospective randomized parallel-group open multicenter clinical trial |
|---|---|
| Primary study design | Interventional |
| Secondary study design | Randomised parallel trial |
| Study setting(s) | Hospital |
| Study type | Other |
| Participant information sheet | Not available in web format, please use contact details to request a participant information sheet |
| Scientific title | Molecular effects of nut products on cell membranes evaluated by red blood cell lipidome remodelling in obese children |
| Study acronym | OBINUT |
| Study objectives | A healthy diet supplemented with an appropriate combination of fatty acids from nuts improves lipid metabolism and quality of life in childhood obesity. |
| Ethics approval(s) | Ethics committee of the research with medicines of the Basque Country (CEIM-E), Department of Health of the Basque Government-Pharmacy. Sebastian Street, nº 1. Vitoria. 01010, Tel: +34 (0)945 01 92 96; +34 (0)945 01 56 34, Email: ceic.eeaa@euskadi.eus, 18/10/2017, ref: PI2017114 |
| Health condition(s) or problem(s) studied | Childhood obesity |
| Intervention | The study is a clinical nutrition intervention trial. A prospective, randomized, parallel-group, open and multicenter clinical trial will be conducted in 120 male and female children from 6 to 14 years (with overweight and obesity), to evaluate the effectiveness on red blood cell lipidome remodelling of a customized diet supplemented with tree nuts or fatty acid supplementation strategy, compared to conventional treatment with dietary recommendations and physical activity. Study subjects will be stratified by sex and age and subsequently randomized to follow one of three interventions of 6 months duration in a parallel design: Control group Usual dietary and physical activity recommendations to reduce weight and improve their health status. Participants assigned to the control diet group will receive general oral and written advise to follow a healthy diet but they will not be given individualized intervention. Regarding nuts, they will be instructed to refrain from eating nuts included in the study. Nut group The same physical activity recommendations as in control group but with a diet supplemented on a mix of tree nuts (15 g of walnut, 5 g Brazil nut, 5 g of pecan nut and 5 g of macadamia). Participants at baseline and after hospital visits, will be provided with 30 g of pre-packed mixed raw nuts to be eaten daily. Nut consumption calculated to achieve contribution of ~10% of the subject’s total daily energy intake and 30% and 20% of the energy from MUFAs and PUFAs in the diet respectively. Total energy intake will be calculated for obese children of 6 to 14 years around 1600-1800 Kcal. Nutraceutical group This group will be recommended the same physical activity as in control group but they will receive a personalized nutraceutic therapy based on: dietary recommendations + nutraceutic supplementation to restore membrane lipidomic profile. Nutraceutical type and dose administration will depend on membrane lipidomic profile at baseline compared with fatty acid ranges in healthy children (data previously acquired). Nutraceuticals from Lipinutragen or other with similar fatty acid profile from Spanish market (previously characterized in AZTI) will be administered in order to balance the SFA/MUFA. The doses administrated will be always according with daily child requirement. |
| Intervention type | Supplement |
| Primary outcome measure | Two blood samples of 1 ml and saliva samples are obtained while fasting at baseline and 6 months (visit 3) for the following biochemical measurements: 1. General biochemistry including total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL - cholesterol, LDL - cholesterol, apolipoprotein A1, apolipoprotein B, SGOT and SGPT, as well as the acute phase inflammatory parameters: uric acid, C-reactive protein and homocysteine 2. Hormonal and Insulin resistance, assessed with HOMA-R levels of glycemia and insulinemia (two determinations of insulin at the beginning, mid-term and end of the study, and IGF-1 and IGF-B-3 will be required) and the interrelation among these hormones implied in the metabolism of the adipose tissue (Leptin, Adipolectin, Ghrelin) 3. Fatty acid profile of the mature erythrocyte membrane and plasma cholesteryl esters, performed in blood samples (1 ml). The samples will be sent to the CNR (Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche) in Bologna (Italy) to analyze the lipid profile in mature erythrocyte membrane by GC-MS. (Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry) |
| Secondary outcome measures | 1. Anthropometric measurements, assessed for each individual following standard protocol by trained personnel. The evaluation of the pubertal stage will performed according to the Tanner's classification for each sex. Body weight, height, and waist circumferences will be measured on the same day of the first interview (at baseline) control visits (3 and 6 months) 2. Blood pressure measured with an automated device: "Critikon Dinamap -8100 "at baseline and 6 months Measured at baseline and control visits (3 and 6 months): 3. Level of physical activity, assessed using the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children (PAQ-C) 4. Eating behaviours, determined by the validated Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire for Children (DEBQ-C) for use with Spanish children 5. Quality of life, assessed by the KIDSCREEN-10 questionnaire 6. Sleep duration and quality: parents answer the questions of the Spanish version of the Pediatric sleep questionnaire (PSQ) to report on children’s sleep duration and quality 7. Diet quality, recorded by the short Diet Quality Screener (sDQS). Parents answer the questions on their children usual dietary behaviors and Food frequency questionnaire over the previous 12 months 8. Satiety: a subjective assessment will be carried out using a 5-point Likert Scale-based questionnaire “ASTM E2299 - 13 Standard Guide for Sensory Evaluation of Products by Children and Minors” |
| Overall study start date | 01/09/2017 |
| Completion date | 30/12/2021 |
Eligibility
| Participant type(s) | Patient |
|---|---|
| Age group | Child |
| Lower age limit | 6 Years |
| Upper age limit | 14 Years |
| Sex | Both |
| Target number of participants | 120 |
| Total final enrolment | 98 |
| Key inclusion criteria | 1. Children aged 6 to 14 years 2. With overweight and obesity. Reference will be made to the body mass index (BMI), being defined as overweight when the standard deviation (SD) of the BMI ≤ 2, obesity when DE> 2 and normal weight when -2 <DS ≤ +1 3. Written informed consent |
| Key exclusion criteria | 1. Secondary sources of obesity: malformative syndromes, genetic syndromes accompanied by obesity (Beckwith, Prader-Willi, etc), drug therapies (corticosteroids, psychoactive drugs, etc), hormones alterations of any origin, alterations of the central nervous system (tumors, radiotherapy, surgery, etc) 2. Those with diabetes mellitus (except type 2) 3. Steatosis diagnosis 4. More than 5% weight loss in the 6 months prior to inclusion in the study 5. Allergic processes 6. Hypogonadism or musculoskeletal disorders 7. Transplantation 8. Subjects on antiepileptic, anxiolytic, antipsychotic, or any medication therapy that acts on the central nervous system 9. Patients under antibiotic treatment. |
| Date of first enrolment | 01/05/2018 |
| Date of final enrolment | 30/06/2021 |
Locations
Countries of recruitment
- Spain
Study participating centres
Barakaldo (BIZKAIA)
48903
Spain
Getxo (BIZKAIA)
48992
Spain
Sponsor information
Research organisation
Parque Científico Tecnológico de Vizcaya, Astondo Street, Edif. 609.
Derio (Vizcaya, Spain)
48160
Spain
| Website | https://www.azti.es/es/ |
|---|
Research organisation
Hospital Universitario Cruces. Plaza de Cruces, 12.
Barakaldo (Vizcaya).
48903
Spain
| Website | https://www.biocrucesbizkaia.org/web/biocruces/inicio |
|---|
Research organisation
Piero Gobetti Street 101.
Bologna
40129
Italy
| Website | https://www.isof.cnr.it/ |
|---|
Funders
Funder type
Other
No information available
Results and Publications
| Intention to publish date | 30/12/2025 |
|---|---|
| Individual participant data (IPD) Intention to share | No |
| IPD sharing plan summary | Data sharing statement to be made available at a later date |
| Publication and dissemination plan | The study protocol with the statistical analysis plan, the chronological and economic plan will not be available online. This document was presented online to the funding agency. Results will be published in high impact scientific journals and in national and international congress on nutrition, metabolism and medical topics: - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - Nutrients - Plos One - International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition - Childhood obesity - British Medical Journal |
| IPD sharing plan | The data sharing plans for the current study are unknown and will be made available at a later date |
Editorial Notes
18/12/2024: The intention to publish date was changed from 30/12/2024 to 30/12/2025.
05/03/2024: The intention to publish date was changed from 30/12/2023 to 30/12/2024.
18/01/2023: The intention to publish date was changed from 30/06/2023 to 30/12/2023.
13/12/2022: The intention to publish date was changed from 31/12/2022 to 30/06/2023.
04/01/2022: The following changes have been made:
1. The final enrolment number has been added.
2. The intention to publish date has been changed from 31/12/2021 to 31/12/2022.
15/06/2021: The following changes were made to the trial record:
1. The overall end date was changed from 30/06/2021 to 30/12/2021.
2. The recruitment end date was changed from 31/01/2021 to 30/06/2021.
3. The plain English summary was updated to reflect these changes.
16/12/2020: The recruitment end date has been changed from 31/12/2020 to 31/01/2021.
13/07/2020: The following changes were made to the trial record:
1. The recruitment end date was changed from 31/12/2019 to 31/12/2020.
2. The overall end date was changed from 30/06/2020 to 30/06/2021.
3. The intention to publish date was changed from 31/12/2020 to 31/12/2021.
4. The total final enrolment of 84 was removed as recruitment was reopened.
4. The plain English summary was updated to reflect these changes.
27/03/2020: The following changes were made to the trial record:
1. The total target enrolment was changed from 300 to 120.
2. The total final enrolment number was added
3. The overall trial end date was changed from 30/09/2020 to 30/06/2020.
17/01/2020: The overall trial end date was changed from 30/06/2020 to 30/09/2020.
21/05/2019: The following changes were made to the trial record:
1. The recruitment end date was changed from 30/04/2019 to 31/12/2019.
2. The overall trial end date was changed from 31/12/2019 to 30/06/2020.
3. The intention to publish date was changed from 30/01/2020 to 31/12/2020.
