ISRCTN - ISRCTN88987322: Cost effectiveness of psychiatric rehabilitation

Plain English Summary

Background and study aims
People suffering from Severe Mental Illness (SMI) require rehabilitation in many areas of life. The Boston University approach to Psychiatric Rehabilitation (BPR) has been developed to help people with Severe Mental Illness reach their goals in the areas of living independently, social contacts, work and meaningful activities in society. Previous research showed partially positive results of BPR. The BPR approach led to increases in participation in work, schooling and independent living and to improved functioning and a better quality of life. In this study, we will compare BPR to usual care in the area of societal participation (work, study, daily activities). We will also find out about if it is financially viable.

Who can participate?
We aim to recruit 250 patients with severe mental illness between 18 and 60 years of age with a wish for a positive change in the area of societal participation.

What does the study involve?
Participants will be randomly allocated to two groups. One group will receive usual care and the other group will receive support according to the BPR. In each group, patients will be offered individual sessions at least once every 2 weeks. At 6 and 12 months, we will assess societal participation in both groups by means of structured interviews and questionnaires. Also, information will be gathered on social functioning, psychiatric symptoms, quality of life and care consumption. This information is used to decide if the BPR approach is more cost effective than usual care.

What are the possible benefits and risks of participating?
All participants will receive additional support to help them achieve their rehabilitation goals. If the participant wishes, the sessions may be continued after the study is completed. The risks of the study are evaluated as 'very low'. By taking part in the study, participants will not experience risks other than those normally involved in clinical psychiatric treatment.

Where is the study run from?
The study will take place in two large mental health care centers in the Netherlands, 'Altrecht Mental Health Care' and 'Dijk en Duin' and an organization for sheltered and supported living 'Promens Care'.

When is the study starting and how long is it expected to run for?
The study started in January 2014 and will run for 3 years. Patients will be recruited over the first 2 years and will participate in the study for 1 year.

Who is funding the study?
The Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (ZonMw) (Netherlands).

Who is the main contact?
Dr Wilma Swildens
w.swildens@altrecht.nl

Trial website

Contact information

Type

Scientific

Primary contact

Dr Wilma Swildens

ORCID ID

Contact details

Lange Nieuwstraat 119
Utrecht
3512 PG
Netherlands
+ 31 (0)30 230 88 65
w.swildens@altrecht.nl

Additional identifiers

EudraCT number

ClinicalTrials.gov number

Protocol/serial number

80-83700-98-132069

Study information

Scientific title

Societal participation with Boston Psychiatric Rehabilitation for patients with severe mental illness: a cost effectiveness study

Acronym

Study hypothesis

Boston Psychiatric Rehabilitation is expected to be effective and cost-effective compared to care as usual in realising patients' goals regarding societal participation. Attending effectively to severe mental illness (SMI) patients' participation needs is expected to promote greater independence of care and so reduce health costs.

Ethics approval

Medical Ethical Committee of the University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG); 29/11/2013; ref.: 2013/70

Study design

Multicenter randomized clinical trial

Primary study design

Interventional

Secondary study design

Randomised controlled trial

Trial setting

Other

Trial type

Treatment

Patient information sheet

Not available in web format, please use the contact details below to request a patient information sheet

Condition

Severe Mental Illness

Intervention

Participants will receive BPR or care-as-usual for 1 year.

Boston Psychiatric Rehabilitation (BPR) uses a methodology that helps patients to explore, choose and realize their rehabilitation goals in the areas of working, learning, social contacts and living environment. The approach has three phases:

1. Setting a goal: helping patients gain insight into their goals in the areas of work and study, social contacts and living environment and into the skills and resources needed to attain these goals
2. Planning: describing necessary interventions (skills training, support) to achieve these goals
3. Carry out these interventions.

MHC workers receive training and gather practical experience with BPR under the supervision of experts of the Dutch BPR foundation. BPR is a comprehensive approach that can be used in different contexts such as inpatient settings, assertive outreach teams [(F)ACT teams], and in combination with more specific rehabilitation interventions (f.i. social skills training) and support systems.

In this study, BPR will be compared to care-as-usual. In both conditions, patients will be offered individual sessions at least once every 2 weeks to address their rehabilitation needs on the areas of societal participation. The professionals in the control condition offer support to patients in clarifying and realizing their goals on the basis of generic MHC models; generic mental health nurse care, social work and generic vocational rehabilitation programmes.

Measurements will take place at baseline, 6 months and 12 months after enrollment.

Intervention type

Other

Phase

Not Applicable

Drug names

Primary outcome measures

1. Increase in societal participation (getting paid work, voluntary work, and schooling (yes/no; after 6 and 12 months), measured with the Birchwood Social Functioning Scale (Birchwood et al., 1990)
2. Change in social participation expressed in terms of incremental cost per proportion increase in societal participation
3. A cost-utility analysis in terms of Quality Adjusted Life Years (QUALY)

Secondary outcome measures

1. Change in the number of hours of societal participation and in the position of patients on the national societal participation ladder (Divosa, www.participatieladder.nl)
2. Patients' experience of success (yes/no) in achieving societal participation goals in the areas addressed, such as work and schooling. For this purpose we developed an instrument in previous RCTs (Swildens et al., 2011)
3. Change in quality of life measured by the Manchester Quality of life Schedule (MANSA); (Priebe S, 1999)
4. Change in functioning is measured from different perspectives. First, psychosocial functioning is measured by the Birchwood Social Functioning Scale (Birchwood et al., 1990). Further change in psychosocial functioning is measured from the Mental Health Care team's perspective with the Activity and Participation scale (Van Wel et al., 2002). Further change in symptomatic functioning and psychiatric remission is measured with the (remission items) of the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (Ventura et al., 1993)
5. Increase of self-esteem with the Recovery Assessment Scale (Corrigan et al., 2004)

Overall trial start date

01/01/2014

Overall trial end date

31/01/2017

Reason abandoned

Eligibility

Participant inclusion criteria

1. Having Severe Mental Illness (SMI): a diagnosis according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) IV, duration of service contact more than two years; GAF S-D score indicating substantial handicaps in global psychosocial functioning [Global Assessment of Functioning - Symptoms and Disabilities (GAF S-D); score 60 or lower]
2. Expressing a wish for change in societal participation (work, education, daily activities outside the home)
3. Between 18-60 years of age
4. Willing to participate in a rehabilitation process and in the research

Participant type

Patient

Age group

Adult

Gender

Both

Target number of participants

250

Participant exclusion criteria

1. Legally incompetent
2. Younger than 18 years
3. Older than 60 years. We decided for the maximum age of 60 years because patients with older age usually have different goals in social participation, notably other than obtaining regular employment.
4. Received Boston Psychiatric Rehabilitation in the 4 months preceding the start of the trial
5. Admitted as inpatient to a Mental Health Care (MHC) centre

Recruitment start date

01/01/2014

Recruitment end date

01/01/2016

Locations

Countries of recruitment

Netherlands

Trial participating centre

Lange Nieuwstraat 119
Utrecht
3512 PG
Netherlands

Sponsor information

Organisation

Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (ZonMw) (Netherlands)

Sponsor details

Postbox 93 245
The Hague
2509 AE
Netherlands
+31 (0)70 349 51 11
info@zonmw.nl

Sponsor type

Research organisation

Website

Funders

Funder type