Cotrimoxazol to prevent malaria in HIV-infected pregnant women in Sub-Saharan Africa

ISRCTN ISRCTN98835811
DOI https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN98835811
Secondary identifying numbers 1
Submission date
27/08/2012
Registration date
27/09/2012
Last edited
13/09/2016
Recruitment status
No longer recruiting
Overall study status
Completed
Condition category
Infections and Infestations
Prospectively registered
Protocol
Statistical analysis plan
Results
Individual participant data

Plain English summary of protocol

Background and study aims
Malaria is a tropical disease spread by mosquitoes. It affects up to 500 million people each year, killing 1-3 million, mostly pregnant women and children in sub-Saharan Africa. The HIV pandemic disproportionately affects sexually active women in Africa, who as a result are more vulnerable to malaria. Infection with both malaria and HIV during pregnancy leads to anaemia (decreased red blood cells), low birth weight, and increased risk of death. The WHO recommends intermittent preventive treatment (IPT) with the drugs sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) during pregnancy in areas with a high HIV prevalence. On the other hand, UNAIDS/UNICEF recommend daily treatment with the drugs trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (cotrimoxazole: CMX) for all HIV-positive pregnant women. Unfortunately, taking CMX and IPT with SP can cause dangerous side effects for pregnant women and infants, the risk of side-effects being higher in HIV-positive patients. CMX has been proven to protect children and HIV-positive adults against malaria, and CMX alone may be effective at preventing malaria during pregnancy. The aim of this study is to compare the effects of CMX with standard IPT on malaria risk in HIV-pregnant women in rural sub-Saharan Africa.

Who can participate?
HIV-positive pregnant women aged 15 to 45

What does the study involve?
Women are randomly allocated to be treated with either daily CMX or IPT with SP one dose per month until delivery. Women are followed up monthly and are asked to deliver in the study center. At delivery a sample of the placenta is collected. Babies are followed up until the age of 3 months. The number of malaria cases, pregnancy outcome and birth weights are measured in both groups.

What are the possible benefits and risks of participating?
All treatments and tests are free of charge. All pregnant women receive a mosquito net treated with insecticide. Treatment to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV follows the national and WHO guidelines. The main side effects of the study drugs are anaemia and skin allergy.

Where is the study run from?
Nineteen health centers participated in the study: CMS Noepe, Hôpital Assahoun, Hôpital Agou-Gare, Hôpital Agou Bethesda, CMS Kpogandji, CMS Kpadapé, CHP Kpalimé, Polyclinique Kpalimé, CMS Adéta, CMS Goudévé, Hôpital Danyi, Hôpital Notsè, Hôpital Anié, CMS Glei, CMS Agbonou, Polyclinique Atakpamé, Hôpital Atakpamé, CMS Akparè, CMS Témédja.

When is the study starting and how long is it expected to run for?
January 2009 to August 2012

Who is funding the study?
AlterSanté (France)

Who is the main contact?
Dr Elise Klement
eklement@altersante.org

Contact information

Dr Elise Klement
Scientific

Centre Médical de Bligny
Route de Bligny
Briis-sous-forges
91640
France

Phone +33 (0)683 479 439
Email eklement@altersante.org

Study information

Study designMulticenter open-label non-inferiority randomized study
Primary study designInterventional
Secondary study designRandomised controlled trial
Study setting(s)Other
Study typePrevention
Participant information sheet Not available in web format, please use the contact details to request a patient information sheet
Scientific titleEffectiveness of Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole to prevent malaria in HIV-infected pregnant women in P. falciparum-endemic Sub-Saharan Africa: a randomized controlled trial
Study objectivesCotrimoxazol is non inferior to standard intermittent preventive treatment (IPT) on malaria risk in Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pregnant women in rural sub-Saharan Africa.
Ethics approval(s)Togolese National Ethic Committee, January 2009
Health condition(s) or problem(s) studiedMalaria HIV vertical transmission
InterventionWomen who volunteered were randomized to receive either daily 80/400mg trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (CMX) or intermittent preventive treatment (IPT) with 1000/50mg sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) as follows: first dose at inclusion day, then 1 dose per month until delivery. Women were followed monthly clinically and biologically (Hb and blood smear) free of charge, and were asked to deliver in the study center. At delivery a placenta sample was collected. Babies were followed until the age of 3 months.
Intervention typeDrug
Pharmaceutical study type(s)
PhaseNot Applicable
Drug / device / biological / vaccine name(s)Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine
Primary outcome measureIncidence of malaria during pregnancy, calculated as the number of malaria events per person year.
Secondary outcome measures1. Blood parasitaemia in women and new-born
2. Treatment tolerance
3. Pregnancy outcome
4. Birth weight
5. Placental malarial infection
Overall study start date01/01/2009
Completion date31/08/2012

Eligibility

Participant type(s)Patient
Age groupAdult
SexFemale
Target number of participants300
Key inclusion criteria1. HIV1
2. Women <28 weeks of pregnancy
3. CD4 >200/mm3
4. Hb >7 g/L
Key exclusion criteria1. Age<15
2. HIV2 or HIV1+2
3. Allergy or ongoing sulfamides treatment
Date of first enrolment01/01/2009
Date of final enrolment31/08/2012

Locations

Countries of recruitment

  • France
  • Togo

Study participating centre

Centre Médical de Bligny
Briis-sous-forges
91640
France

Sponsor information

AlterSanté (France)
Research organisation

c/o Dr Elise Klement
Centre Médical de Bligny
Briis-sous-forges
91640
France

Website http://www.altersante.org
ROR logo "ROR" https://ror.org/03sfwdd85

Funders

Funder type

Research organisation

AlterSanté (France)

No information available

Results and Publications

Intention to publish date
Individual participant data (IPD) Intention to shareNo
IPD sharing plan summaryNot provided at time of registration
Publication and dissemination planNot provided at time of registration
IPD sharing plan

Study outputs

Output type Details Date created Date added Peer reviewed? Patient-facing?
Results article results 01/03/2014 Yes No

Editorial Notes

13/09/2016: Plain English summary added.