Personalized SMS messaging for improved diabetes self-care and glycemic control in southwestern Iran
| ISRCTN | ISRCTN13452469 |
|---|---|
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN13452469 |
| Sponsor | Abadan University of Medical Sciences |
| Funder | Abadan University of Medical Sciences |
- Submission date
- 19/02/2026
- Registration date
- 20/02/2026
- Last edited
- 20/02/2026
- Recruitment status
- No longer recruiting
- Overall study status
- Completed
- Condition category
- Nutritional, Metabolic, Endocrine
Plain English summary of protocol
Background and study aims
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a personalized SMS intervention in improving self-care behaviors and glycemic (blood sugar) control in adults with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes in southwestern Iran.
Who can participate?
Adults aged 18 years and above with Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes, HbA1c ≥6.5%, and the ability to read and write in Persian or Arabic (or participate via interview for those with low literacy).
What does the study involve?
Participants will receive personalized SMS messages tailored to their specific self-care needs, including diet, physical activity, and medication adherence.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
Potential benefits include improved self-care and glycemic control. Risks include concerns about the privacy of health data shared via SMS.
Where is the study run from?
Abadan University of Medical Sciences (Iran)
When is the study starting and how long is it expected to run for?
March 2023 to September 2025
Who is funding the study?
Abadan University of Medical Sciences (Iran)
Who is the main contact?
Dr Zahra Gorjian, z.gorjian@abadanums.ac.ir
Contact information
Principal investigator, Scientific, Public
Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing, Abadan University of Medical Sciences
Abadan
63167
Iran
| Phone | +98 (0)9390946700 |
|---|---|
| z.gorjian@abadanums.ac.ir |
Study information
| Primary study design | Interventional | |
|---|---|---|
| Allocation | N/A: single arm study | |
| Masking | Open (masking not used) | |
| Control | Uncontrolled | |
| Assignment | Single | |
| Purpose | Health services research, Treatment | |
| Scientific title | Evaluation of a personalized SMS intervention for improving self-care adherence and glycemic control in adults with type 1 and type 2 diabetes in southwestern Iran: a prospective study | |
| Study acronym | SMS-Diabetes | |
| Study objectives | To evaluate the effectiveness of a personalized SMS intervention in improving self-care behaviors and glycemic control among adults with type 1 and type 2 diabetes in southwestern Iran. | |
| Ethics approval(s) |
Approved 20/09/2022, Clinical Ethics Committee of Abadan University of Medical Sciences (Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, 63167, Iran; +98 (0)6153384021; info@abadanums.ac.ir), ref: IR.ABADANUMS.REC.1394.15 | |
| Health condition(s) or problem(s) studied | Type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus | |
| Intervention | A 6-month personalized SMS intervention, delivering 1-3 weekly messages tailored to the individual's weaknesses in self-care behaviors (such as diet, physical activity, blood glucose monitoring, foot care, and medication adherence). | |
| Intervention type | Behavioural | |
| Primary outcome measure(s) |
| |
| Key secondary outcome measure(s) |
| |
| Completion date | 19/09/2025 |
Eligibility
| Participant type(s) | |
|---|---|
| Age group | Mixed |
| Lower age limit | 18 Years |
| Upper age limit | 100 Years |
| Sex | All |
| Target sample size at registration | 1250 |
| Total final enrolment | 1100 |
| Key inclusion criteria | 1. Adults aged ≥18 years 2. Type 1 or type 2 diabetes 3. HbA1c ≥6.5% 4. Able to read and write in Persian or Arabic (or participate via interview for those with low literacy) 5. Access to a mobile phone for receiving SMS messages 6. Written informed consent |
| Key exclusion criteria | 1. Secondary diabetes 2. Gestational diabetes 3. Rare diabetes subtypes 4. Stage 5 kidney failure (eGFR <15 ml/min/1.73 m²) 5. Uncontrolled psychiatric disorders (e.g., schizophrenia or severe depression) 6. Voluntary withdrawal 7. Death 8. Failure to complete ≥85% of questionnaires at baseline 9. Inability or unwillingness to receive SMS messages or attend follow-up visits |
| Date of first enrolment | 21/03/2023 |
| Date of final enrolment | 19/09/2025 |
Locations
Countries of recruitment
- Iran
Study participating centres
Results and Publications
| Individual participant data (IPD) Intention to share | No |
|---|---|
| IPD sharing plan summary | Not expected to be made available |
| IPD sharing plan |
Editorial Notes
20/02/2026: Study's existence confirmed by the Ethics Committee of Abadan University of Medical Science.
