Acetaminophen versus ibuprofen in the management of hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus in very low birth weight infants
| ISRCTN | ISRCTN72579770 |
|---|---|
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN72579770 |
| ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT) | Nil known |
| Clinical Trials Information System (CTIS) | Nil known |
| Protocol serial number | Nil known |
| Sponsor | University of Concepción |
| Funder | Investigator initiated and funded |
- Submission date
- 31/08/2023
- Registration date
- 17/09/2023
- Last edited
- 11/09/2023
- Recruitment status
- No longer recruiting
- Overall study status
- Completed
- Condition category
- Neonatal Diseases
Plain English summary of protocol
Background and study aims
A hemodynamically significant Patent Ductus Arteriosus (hs-PDA) is a condition where a small blood vessel that should close after birth remains open. To date there is no definitive study regarding what would be the best pharmacological (drug) treatment for closure of a hs-PDA. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of acetaminophen versus ibuprofen in the treatment of hs-PDA.
Who can participate?
Preterm newborns between 25+0 – 31+6 weeks of gestational age and/or ≤1500 g birth weight; with a diagnosis of hs-PDA within the first 2 weeks after birth; admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Guillermo Grant Benavente Hospital.
What does the study involve?
Preterm infants are randomly allocated into acetaminophen or ibuprofen treatment groups. The evaluation of hs-PDA closure is performed 1 day after treatment. A blood count and renal and liver function tests will be carried out after treatment.
What are the possible benefits and risks of participating?
The participants will contribute to defining the best pharmacological alternative for the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus. The drugs studied are commonly used for this purpose, so participation in this study does not entail an added risk to the expected effects for the usual treatment of patent ductus arteriosus (renal failure, liver dysfunction, gastrointestinal bleeding).
Where is the study run from?
Guillermo Grant Benavente Hospital (Chile)
When is the study starting and how long is it expected to run for?
January 2017 to December 2019
Who is funding the study?
Investigator initiated and funded
Who is the main contact?
Dr Andrés Marinovic, marinovic.ped@gmail.com
Contact information
Public
Alto Horno 777, Talcahuano - Las Higueras Hospital, Neonatology Service
Talcahuano
4260000
Chile
| Phone | +56 (0)41 268 7000 |
|---|---|
| marinovic.ped@gmail.com |
Scientific
Alto Horno 777, Talcahuano - Las Higueras Hospital, Neonatology Service
Talcahuano
4260000
Chile
| Phone | +56 (0)41 268 7000 |
|---|---|
| marinovic.ped@gmail.com |
Principal investigator
Paicaví 255 Of.1, Concepción
Concepción
4030000
Chile
| Phone | +56 (0)41 223 7371 |
|---|---|
| aldobancalari@gmail.com |
Study information
| Primary study design | Interventional |
|---|---|
| Study design | Single-center interventional single-blinded randomized controlled trial |
| Secondary study design | Randomised controlled trial |
| Study type | Participant information sheet |
| Scientific title | Acetaminophen versus ibuprofen in the management of hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus in very low birth weight infants: a randomized controlled trial |
| Study acronym | PDA-AVSI |
| Study objectives | Acetaminophen has an effectiveness similar to ibuprofen in closing hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus with fewer side effects. |
| Ethics approval(s) |
Approved 15/05/2017, Scientific Ethical Committee of the Concepcion Health Service (O´Higgins 297, Concepción, 4030000, Chile; +56 (0)41 2721795; cec@ssconcepcion.cl), ref: 17-04-20 |
| Health condition(s) or problem(s) studied | Patent ductus arteriosus in the very low birth weight premature newborn |
| Intervention | This was a randomized prospective study in very low birth weight preterm newborns <32 weeks GA and/or ≤1500 g with an echocardiographic diagnosis of hs-PDA, performed during the first 2 weeks of life, between January 2017 to December 2019. The diagnosis of hs-PDA was made by echocardiography using two-dimensional color Doppler (Vivid-i, GE Healthcare), carried out by a pediatric cardiologist who was blinded to the study treatment groups. The echocardiographic criteria to define hs-PDA were: ductal diameter ≥1.5 mm or equal to or greater than that of the left pulmonary artery (LPA), measured in the right parasternal short axis; left cavities dilation or left atrial-aortic ratio (Ai/Ao) >1.4, measured in the left parasternal long axis; retrograde flow measured in the descending aorta, celiac or mesenteric artery. Patients who met the inclusion criteria were randomized to acetaminophen or ibuprofen group, using an opaque sealed envelope, sequentially numbered. The acetaminophen dose was 15 mg/kg every 6 hours for 3 days intravenously. (Paracetamol Kabi TM preparation (10 mg/ml), Fresenius Kabi Laboratory). The drug was administered IV over 1 h. The ibuprofen dose was 10 mg/kg on the first day and then 5 mg/kg on the following 2 days (every 24 h). (Ibuprofen Pedea ™ preparation (5 mg/ml), Orphan Europe Laboratory). Ibuprofen was diluted in a solution of sodium chloride 0.9%, resulting in a concentration of 1 mg/ml. This drug was administered IV over 1 h. Inclusion criteria were: preterm newborns between 25+0 – 31+6 weeks of gestational age and/or ≤1500 g of birth weight; echocardiographic diagnosis of hs-PDA within the first 2 weeks after birth; admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Guillermo Grant Benavente Hospital. Exclusion criteria were: major congenital malformations, fetal hydrops, complex or ductus-dependent congenital heart disease; septic shock; grade III and IV intracranial hemorrhage; renal failure with urine output <1 cc/kg/h in the previous 24 h; serum creatinine concentration >1.5 mg/dl; platelet count <50,000 mm³; major bleeding (defined as the presence of massive hematuria and/or blood in tracheal aspirate), hyperbilirubinemia in the range of exchange transfusion; confirmed necrotizing enterocolitis (Bell stage >II); liver dysfunction defined as elevation of liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) over two times the upper limit of normal range (ALT 6-50 U/L and AST 35-140 U/L). The criteria for suspending treatment with ibuprofen were: renal failure with serum creatinine greater than 2.5 mg/dl; evidence of bleeding; intestinal perforation; confirmed necrotizing enterocolitis, and for acetaminophen, evidence of acute liver failure with abrupt changes in coagulation tests not explained by consumptive coagulopathy; elevation of liver transaminases over twice the upper limit of the normal range; significant elevation of conjugated bilirubin. During treatment with any of the two drugs, continuous monitoring of oxygen saturation, heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure was performed using multi-parameter monitoring equipment. To investigate possible side effects of the drugs, the following tests were performed on each patient prior to treatment: serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, urine output measurement, AST, ALT, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin, bilirubin, and blood count. These tests were repeated 24 and 72 hours after the start of treatment. In addition, a brain ultrasound was performed before and after treatment to rule out intracranial hemorrhage. Primary PDA closure was considered when it occurred shortly after the first course of pharmacological treatment. In case of persistence of the ductus, a second course of treatment was given using the same therapeutic scheme as earlier. Secondary closure was considered when it occurred after the second course of pharmacological treatment. In case of failure of ductal closure with the second course, most infants underwent surgical ligation. |
| Intervention type | Drug |
| Phase | Not Applicable |
| Drug / device / biological / vaccine name(s) | Acetaminophen, ibuprofen |
| Primary outcome measure(s) |
1. Primary closure of patent ductus arteriosus measured using the percentage of ductal closure after the first course of treatment with acetaminophen or ibuprofen at 72 h after the start of the first course of treatment |
| Key secondary outcome measure(s) |
1. Intraventricular hemorrhage measured using the percentage of intraventricular hemorrhage at the end of treatment with acetaminophen or ibuprofen |
| Completion date | 31/12/2019 |
Eligibility
| Participant type(s) | Patient |
|---|---|
| Age group | Neonate |
| Lower age limit | 0 Days |
| Upper age limit | 14 Days |
| Sex | All |
| Target sample size at registration | 128 |
| Total final enrolment | 120 |
| Key inclusion criteria | 1. Preterm newborns between 25+0 – 31+6 weeks of gestational age and/or ≤1500 g of birth weight 2. Echocardiographic diagnosis of hemodynamically significant PDA within the first 2 weeks after birth 3. Admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Guillermo Grant Benavente Hospital |
| Key exclusion criteria | 1. Major congenital malformations, fetal hydrops, complex or ductus-dependent congenital heart disease; septic shock grade III and IV intracranial hemorrhage 2. Renal failure with urine output <1 cc/kg/hr in the previous 24 h 3. Serum creatinine concentration >1.5 mg/dl; platelet count <50,000 mm³ 4. Major bleeding (defined as the presence of massive hematuria and/or blood in tracheal aspirate), hyperbilirubinemia in the range of exchange transfusion 5. Confirmed necrotizing enterocolitis (Bell stage > II) 6. Liver dysfunction defined as elevation of liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) over two times the upper limit of normal range (ALT 6-50 U/L and AST 35-140 U/L) |
| Date of first enrolment | 01/06/2017 |
| Date of final enrolment | 21/12/2019 |
Locations
Countries of recruitment
- Chile
Study participating centre
Concepcion
4030000
Chile
Results and Publications
| Individual participant data (IPD) Intention to share | Yes |
|---|---|
| IPD sharing plan summary | Available on request |
| IPD sharing plan | The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study will be available upon request to the associated investigator Andrés Marinovic (marinovic.ped@gmail.com). The type of data that will be shared: demographic data, relevant morbidities, characteristics of the ductus arteriosus, and the treatment used in each patient. Reserving the identity of the participant. The study information will be available from 01/01/2020. Obtaining informed consent is considered for each patient. For data analysis purposes, the patient's initials and the last four digits of their ID are considered. In case of requiring particular information about a study participant, the records of each one are available in the database of the Guillermo Grant Benavente Hospital. |
Study outputs
| Output type | Details | Date created | Date added | Peer reviewed? | Patient-facing? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Participant information sheet | Participant information sheet | 11/11/2025 | 11/11/2025 | No | Yes |
Editorial Notes
07/09/2023: Study's existence confirmed by the Scientific Ethical Committee of the Concepcion Health Service.
