A warm-up program to prevent injuries in basketball
| ISRCTN | ISRCTN15837920 |
|---|---|
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN15837920 |
| Secondary identifying numbers | 2 |
- Submission date
- 09/09/2021
- Registration date
- 15/09/2021
- Last edited
- 28/09/2022
- Recruitment status
- No longer recruiting
- Overall study status
- Completed
- Condition category
- Injury, Occupational Diseases, Poisoning
Plain English Summary
Background and study aims
Given the high incidence rates and long-term consequences associated with ankle and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, there has been extensive research on injury prevention programs in basketball players but the findings have been ambiguous. The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of a specifically designed five-phase warm-up protocol at reducing the risk of basketball-related injuries.
Who can participate?
Officially registered basketball teams in Switzerland with players aged 16 years and over with more than 2 years’ experience in organized basketball training and competition
What does the study involve?
Eligible basketball teams will be randomly allocated to a control or intervention group. The intervention is designed to include balance, flexibility, strength, plyometrics and agility drills, replicating a basketball-specific workload. Teams from the control group will be instructed to perform their usual warm-up routine, including light aerobic exercises, basketball and team drills, and dynamic stretching. Injuries are reported (via e-mail) by the coach or other contact person (therapist, medical doctor) on a weekly injury report form (standardized questionnaire) for one basketball season from October 2021 to May 2022.
What are the possible benefits and risks of participating?
A specifically designed training program can be effective in reducing the risk of injury in basketball players. Prevention of basketball injuries can be beneficial to basketball players, teams, the Swiss Basketball Federation, health insurance companies, and society. There is a mild risk of injury if proper form and technique are not used. The risks will be minimized by focusing on proper technique, movement awareness, body positioning and basketball-specific activity demands, along with using trained technicians (e.g. strength and conditioning coaches) as well as research participants who have experience with neuromuscular training.
Where is the study run from?
University of Basel (Switzerland)
When is the study starting and how long is it expected to run for?
August 2021 to May 2022
Who is funding the study?
Swiss Government (Switzerland)
Who is the main contact?
Dr Oliver Faude
oliver.faude@unibas.ch
Contact information
Scientific
Department of Sport, Exercise and Health
University of Basel
Birsstrase. 320B
Basel
4052
Switzerland
| Phone | +41 (0)61 207 47 35 |
|---|---|
| oliver.faude@unibas.ch |
Scientific
Department of Sport, Exercise and Health
University of Basel
Birsstrase 320B
Basel
4052
Switzerland
| Phone | +38 (0)1655510466 |
|---|---|
| stojanovic.emilija@yahoo.com |
Study information
| Study design | Two-arm single-center cluster-randomized controlled trial |
|---|---|
| Primary study design | Interventional |
| Secondary study design | Cluster randomised trial |
| Study setting(s) | Other |
| Study type | Prevention |
| Participant information sheet | No participant information sheet available |
| Scientific title | A neuromuscular warm-up program to prevent injuries in basketball - a cluster-randomized controlled trial |
| Study acronym | IPPB |
| Study hypothesis | A specifically designed training program can be effective in reducing the incidence rate of injury in basketball players. |
| Ethics approval(s) | Approved 24/08/2021, Ethikkommission Nordwest- und Zentralschweiz (Hebelstrasse 53, 4056 Basel CH, Switzerland; +41 (0)61 268 13 50; eknz@bs.ch), ref: 2021-01668 |
| Condition | Injury prevention in basketball |
| Intervention | All teams will be randomly allocated to a control or intervention group in a 1:1 ratio. The researcher who conducts the randomization will not be involved in the intervention, and recruitment will be completed before randomization. Computer-generated cluster randomization will be conducted using Research Randomizer software (https://www.randomizer.org/). A specifically designed five-phase (20 min) neuromuscular warm-up protocol will be integrated within the regular training routines. At the beginning of the season, each coach will obtain an exercise manual including a detailed description of the setup, all the exercises (including different difficulty levels), and additional background information concerning posture corrections and proprioception. Intervention components are designed to include running (running straight ahead, running high-knees, running glute-kick, hip out, hip in, leg crossovers), plyometrics, balance, strength (walking lunge, double leg jump – double-leg landing, single-leg jump to double leg jump, double leg jump – highest point catch – double-leg landing, single-leg jump – highest point catch – single-leg landing, double leg jump – two-handed pass, wall sit, ball release core rotations, plank, side plank) and agility drills (mirror forwards and backwards, mirror side shuffle), replicating a basketball-specific workload as recommended from the literature. Teams from the control group will be instructed to perform their usual warm-up routine, including light aerobic exercises, basketball and team drills, and dynamic stretching. |
| Intervention type | Behavioural |
| Primary outcome measure | Incidence rate of lower extremity injuries, reported (via e-mail) by the coach or other contact person (therapist, medical doctor) on a weekly injury report form (standardized questionnaire). The observation period will comprise one basketball season from October 2021 to May 2022 |
| Secondary outcome measures | Incidence rate of: 1. Overall injuries 2. Severe injuries (lay-off time of more than 28 days) 3. Joint-ligament injuries 4. Muscle injuries 5. Ankle injuries 6. Knee injuries 7. Upper extremity injuries Reported (via e-mail) by the coach or other contact person (therapist, medical doctor) on a weekly injury report form (standardized questionnaire). The observation period will comprise one basketball season from October 2021 to May 2022 |
| Overall study start date | 24/08/2021 |
| Overall study end date | 31/05/2022 |
Eligibility
| Participant type(s) | Healthy volunteer |
|---|---|
| Age group | Mixed |
| Sex | Both |
| Target number of participants | 124 |
| Total final enrolment | 130 |
| Participant inclusion criteria | 1. ≥16 years of age 2. >2 years’ experience in organized basketball training and competition immediately prior to participation in the study 3. Officially registered teams |
| Participant exclusion criteria | Teams will be excluded if: 1. Regular training takes place less than twice per week 2. Teams already apply an injury prevention program or a structured warm-up focusing on neuromuscular control (apart from light aerobic exercise, basketball and teams drills, and dynamic stretching) |
| Recruitment start date | 15/09/2021 |
| Recruitment end date | 08/10/2021 |
Locations
Countries of recruitment
- Switzerland
Study participating centre
Birsstrasse 320B
Basel
4052
Switzerland
Sponsor information
University/education
Department for Sport Exercise and Health
Birsstrasse. 320B
Basel
4052
Switzerland
| Phone | +41 (0)61 207 4735 |
|---|---|
| emilija.stojanovic@unibas.ch | |
| Website | https://www.unibas.ch/de |
"ROR" |
https://ror.org/02s6k3f65 |
Funders
Funder type
Government
No information available
Results and Publications
| Intention to publish date | 30/09/2022 |
|---|---|
| Individual participant data (IPD) Intention to share | Yes |
| IPD sharing plan summary | Available on request |
| Publication and dissemination plan | Planned publication in a high-impact peer-reviewed journal |
| IPD sharing plan | The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are/will be available upon request from Dr Emilija Stojanovic (stojanovic.emilija@yahoo.com). All of the individual participant data collected during the trial will be available after deidentification and immediately after publication with no end date to anyone who wishes to access the data for any purpose. |
Study outputs
| Output type | Details | Date created | Date added | Peer reviewed? | Patient-facing? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Basic results | 17/05/2022 | 18/05/2022 | No | No | |
| Protocol file | version 2 | 13/09/2021 | 28/09/2022 | No | No |
Additional files
Editorial Notes
28/09/2022: Uploaded protocol (not peer reviewed).
18/05/2022: The basic results of this trial have been uploaded as an additional file.
17/05/2022: Total final enrolment added.
04/10/2021: The recruitment end date has been changed from 01/10/2021 to 08/10/2021.
10/09/2021: Trial's existence confirmed by the Federal Commission for Scholarships for Foreign Students.
